Development of IoT-Based Volcano Early Warning System

Abstract

Monitoring volcanic activity this is indispensable for both research and disaster mitigation strategies. Therefore, the presence of volcano monitoring allows the monitoring, data recording and early warning system of volcanic activity from a distance that is real time. Volcanic monitoring system aims to detect any changes in volcanic status. Temperature and humidity become parameters of increased magma activity. Concentration of gasses includes SO2 and CO2, indicates of the depth of magma in volcanic conduit. Magma movement also triggers the earthquake. The instrument that used in this research are temperature and humidity sensor DHT11, SO2 sensor TGS2602, CO2 sensor MG811, and vibration sensor ADXL345. Temperature and humidity sensors used DHT11 sensors that serve to detect temperature and humidity in the air. DHT11 sensors can detect temperature between 0-50°C and humidity between 20-90% RH. SO2 emissions were detected using TGS 2602 sensors that detects SO2 gas between 0-100 ppm. While CO2 gas emissions used MG811 sensors that detect the presence of CO2 gas between 350-10000 ppm. Furthermore, the vibrations were detected using a digital accelerometer ADXL345 that detects vibrations between 0.1-3200 Hz. Data from all sensors processed using arduino promini microcontroller and then sent to ESP8266. ESP8266 is a wifi module that serves as a microcontroller enhancement to connect to wifi and create TCP / IP protocol. This module is also used to create an IoT project so that it can be accessed at any time on the web service page. This system will be assembled solar cells as a source of power supply.

Development of 3 Phase Pump Panel Monitoring System based on Internet of Things (Case Study PERUMDAM)

“…In addition to the availability of clean water, several studies on early warning systems have been carried out previously. IoT-based early warning systems are used in natural disasters, such as floods [8], earthquakes [9], [10], volcanic activity [11], and forest fires [12].…”

Lessons Learnt from Monitoring the Etna Volcano Using an IoT Sensor Network through a Period of Intense Eruptive Activity

“…It is to our knowledge the first documented return of experience following the continuous operation of an IoT sensor network on an active volcano for several years, including during a period of intense eruptive unrest. The existing literature documents the development of an IoT-based monitoring system [ 6 , 7 ], feasibility studies and performance evaluation [ 5 ], and short-term deployments [ 1 , 2 , 9 ]. Our documented experience aims at providing useful advice to teams interested in equipping active volcanoes with IoT infrastructures.…”

“…Performance evaluations were conducted to identify the optimum number of sensors to be deployed a posteriori based on simulation results, considering throughput, packet loss, and end-to-end delay as metrics to satisfy the real-time requirements [5]. An IoT-based volcano early-warning system was Sensors 2024, 24, 1577 2 of 18 developed and tested to respond to the challenge of monitoring the more than a hundred active volcanoes in Indonesia [6,7]. Its relevance to detect multiple volcanic parameters, including gas emissions (hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide), crater temperature, acidity and seismicity was documented [8].…”

Potential of UAV Application for Forest Fire Detection

“…A warning system based on Internet of Things using sensors, drone, mobile robot, and satellite has been developed and applied to monitor the physical parameter of the volcano of mount Kelud [13,14]. Arduino promini microcontroller process the data from mobile sensors and then sent to ESP8266 it's a wifi module to create an IoT which can be accessed on the web service page everytime [15].…”