Development of Innovative Chewable Gel Tablets Containing Nutmeg Essential Oil Microcapsules and Their Physical Properties Evaluation

Abstract

Chewable gel tablets are a dosed pharmaceutical form, which can have an active substance, pharmacological effect, or value of nutrition. The texture of these tablets is soft, springy, flexible, and elastic—this is influenced by the chosen ingredients. The aim of this study was to prepare chewable gel tablets with nutmeg essential oil-loaded microcapsules and determine the volatile compounds released from this pharmaceutical form. Gel tablets were prepared by using gelatin as basis, nutmeg essential oil as active compound, and natural ingredients: thyme-sugar syrup, thyme extract, and citric acid as taste and color additives. Texture properties were measured by a texture analyzer. The release of volatile compounds from nutmeg essential oil and gel tablets were analyzed by headspace-gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy in control and artificial saliva conditions in vitro. Nutmeg essential oil microcapsules had influence on the gel tablet’s physical properties (p < 0.05, by comparing tablets without glycerol and relative sample with glycerol); glycerol protects the tablets from the formation of sugar crystals on top and keeps good physical parameters (p < 0.05). A total of 12 volatile compounds were identified in nutmeg essential oil, and the six compounds with the highest amounts were selected as controls. Gel tablets prolong the release time of volatile compounds and reduce the amount of the compounds compared to the microcapsules (p < 0.05).

Formulasi Chewable Gummy Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) dengan Gelling Agent Konjak Glukomanan dan Kappa Karagenan

“…Formulasi chewable gummy memungkinkan bahan aktif terlarut atau terdispersi dalam matriks lembut, kenyal, dan elastis yang merupakan basis gel [8]. Struktur matriks tersebut memungkinkan gaya yang minimal untuk mengunyah tablet di dalam rongga mulut, serta molekul air dengan mudah berpenetrasi ke dalam struktur gel memicu solubilisasi bahan aktif ke dalam cairan saliva.…”

“…Evaluasi keragaman bobot dapat digunakan sebagai informasi mengenai keseragaman kandungan pada sediaan chewable gummy [8]. Apabila bobot sediaan yang dihasilkan seragam, maka dapat dipastikan bahwa kandungan daun kelor pada setiap chewable gummy seragam.…”

“…Evaluasi ini dilakukan untuk menjamin bahwa bahan aktif akan terlepas dari matriks saat sediaan mulai terdisintegrasi menjadi fragmen yang lebih kecil. Semakin cepat waktu dispersi sediaan chewable gummy, maka awal mula pelepasan bahan aktif serbuk daun kelor akan berlangsung lebih cepat [8]. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa interaksi jenis gelling agent dan konsentrasi gelling agent berpengaruh signifikan terhadap waktu dispersi chewable gummy daun kelor (p<0,05).…”

Multiscale Shellac-Based Delivery Systems: From Macro- to Nanoscale

“…In contrast to most matrices, shellac has enteric solubility and can be modified according to actual need, which widens the potential applications of shellac-based tablets. Meanwhile, benefiting from the amphiphilicity of shellac, its application as a matrix for embedding and delivering essential oils is one of its most promising applications, as this function is difficult to realize in conventional tablets . However, the optimal formula of shellac-based matrix tablets needs to be further developed for the more rationalized delivery of active substances.…”

“…Meanwhile, benefiting from the amphiphilicity of shellac, its application as a matrix for embedding and delivering essential oils is one of its most promising applications, as this function is difficult to realize in conventional tablets. 91 However, the optimal formula of shellac-based matrix tablets needs to be further developed for the more rationalized delivery of active substances. From this perspective, some formulation additives, such as super disintegrants, pH adjusters, fillers, binders, and lubricants, can be introduced into shellac-based matrix tablets.…”