Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease is Linked to a Longitudinal Restructuring of the Gut Metagenome in Mice

Abstract

15The gut microbiome is linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Oral vitamin B12 supplement is delivered to the distal gut, altering the corrinoid profile and selectively depleting Bacteroides in C57BL/6 mice

“…Published work implicates commensal Bacteroides species in the pathogenesis of murine colitis, 14,15 in contrast, lower levels of Bacteroides are associated with human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). [16][17][18] Given our finding that oral B 12 supplementation decreased the proportion of Bacteroides in feces, we sought to determine the effect of oral B 12 in murine colitis.…”

Metagenomic Alterations in Gut Microbiota Precede and Predict Onset of Colitis in the IL10 Gene-Deficient Murine Model

“…Prominent among them were alterations in pathways associated with microbial nitrogen metabolism, corroborating findings of other groups that had also identified these pathways as being associated with active IBD. [8][9][10][11] Also, offspring with vertically transmitted CPZ-induced dysbiosis showed persistent differences in functional profiles as well as microbial composition compared with control offspring of non-CPZ-treated dams. Together, our findings provide proof-of-concept that more robust measures of the gut microbiome, in this case metagenomic profiling, can be the harbingers of host health vs disease states.…”

“…Several previous studies suggest that microbial nitrogen metabolism is associated with the development of IBD. [8][9][10][11] We further assessed the nitrogen metabolic capacity of the gut microbiota community at week 11 to examine whether the genome-level alterations related to the metabolic pathway ko00910 is observed as physiological functional differences. Ninety-six substrates including a negative control on a Biolog PM3B MicroPlate Nitrogen Sources (Hayward, CA) plate were analyzed.…”

“…9 In addition, bacterial nitrogen flux via urease activity in mice was associated with colitis severity, 10 and microbial ammonia biosynthesis pathways were more highly expressed in a mouse model of IBD compared with controls. 11 Winter et al 8 demonstrated that nitrate respiration, through the reduction of host-derived nitrate, provides a growth benefit to facultative anaerobes such as Enterobacteriaceae in the inflamed intestine. Because there are differences in the baseline gut microbiota between facilities and microbial taxon can drift over time, there is rationale in focusing on metabolic profiles of microbial communities in general that reflect adaptation and/ or responses to shifts in host states and milieu.…”

Bacteriophages in Gut Microbiome Interactions in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Differences by Sex and The Disease Type

“…In a 2019 study, Ungaro et al observed eukaryotic viruses in the biopsy of the ileum of a group of patients with IBD with no history of undergoing therapy sessions [11]. In their 2017 study, Sharpton and colleagues recognized some bacterial pathways involved in the IBD by studying changes in the microbiome between healthy and infected mice [12]. Schirmer and co-workers studied the gut bacteria to examine the pattern of variation in the abundance of bacterial species inter or between IBD patients and healthy participants [4].…”