Development of Indirect Measures of Conscientiousness: Combining a Facets Approach and Network Analysis

Costantini, Giulio; Richetin, Juliette; Borsboom, Denny; Fried, Eiko I.; Rhemtulla, Mijke; Perugini, Marco

doi:10.1002/per.2014

Cited by 114 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, a glasso network arises from a partial correlation network; thus, each pathway is the remaining relationship between two variables after partialling all other relationships, which has been proposed as a means of limiting spurious connections in a network (Costantini et al, 2015). The glasso network is a variant of the general lasso model that calculates differing penalty weights for the various correlation coefficients (Friedman, Hastie, & Tibshirani, 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The core symptoms of bulimia nervosa, anxiety, and depression: A network analysis.

Levinson¹,

Zerwas²,

Calebs³

et al. 2017

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

194

232

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Bulimia nervosa (BN) is characterized by symptoms of binge eating and compensatory behavior, and overevaluation of weight and shape, which often co-occur with symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, there is little research identifying which specific BN symptoms maintain BN psychopathology and how they are associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety. Network analyses represent an emerging method in psychopathology research to examine how symptoms interact and may become self-reinforcing. In the current study of adults with a DSM-IV diagnosis of BN (N = 196), we used network analysis to identify the central symptoms of BN, as well as symptoms that may bridge the association between BN symptoms and anxiety and depression symptoms. Results showed that fear of weight gain was central to BN psychopathology, whereas binge eating, purging, and restriction were less central in the symptom network. Symptoms related to sensitivity to physical sensations (e.g., changes in appetite, feeling dizzy, wobbly) were identified as bridge symptoms between BN, and anxiety and depressive symptoms. We discuss our findings with respect to cognitive-behavioral treatment approaches for BN. These findings suggest that treatments for BN should focus on fear of weight gain, perhaps through exposure therapies. Further, interventions focusing on exposure to physical sensations may also address BN psychopathology, as well as co-occurring anxiety and depressive symptoms.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The core symptoms of bulimia nervosa, anxiety, and depression: A network analysis.

Levinson¹,

Zerwas²,

Calebs³

et al. 2017

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

194

232

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several mental disorders have been analyzed using a network perspective, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (Fried et al, 2018;Phillips et al, 2018), depression (Mullarkey et al,2018), schizophrenia (Galderisi et al, 2018) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (Ruzzano et al, 2015). Network analysis has also been applied to several psychological constructs, such as personality (Costantini et al, 2015), empathy (Briganti et al, 2018), attitudes (Dalege et al, 2017, intelligence (Van Der Maas et al, 2006) and self-worth (Briganti et al, 2019). Other studies used innovative methods, including networks to harmonize rating scales (Gross et al, 2018;Purgato et al, 2018;Haroz et al, 2016) Learning the network structure of a given construct (such as resilience) or mental disorder (such as PTSD) is particularly relevant in clinical practice since it highlights potential clinical target that may affect multiple symptoms or elements composing the network (Fried et al, 2018); for instance, intervening on the connection between two components of the network is likely to modify the clinical presentations of said components (such as symptoms).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Item and domain network structures of the Resilience Scale for Adults in 675 university students

Briganti¹,

Linkowski²

2019

Preprint

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Aims: The Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) is a questionnaire that measures protective factors of mental health. The aim of this paper is to perform a network analysis of the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) in a dataset composed of 675 French-speaking Belgian university students, to identify potential targets for intervention to improve protective factors in individuals.Methods: We estimated a network structure for the 33-item questionnaire and for the six domains of resilience: perception of self, planned future, social competence, structured style, family cohesion and social competence. Node predictability (shared variance with surrounding nodes in the network) was used to assess the connectivity of items. An Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) was performed to detect communities in the network: the number of communities detected being different than the original number of factors proposed in the scale, we estimated a new network with the resulting structure and verified the validity of the new construct which was proposed. We provide the anonymized dataset and code in the supplementary materials to ensure complete reproducibility of the results.Results: The network composed of items from the RSA is overall positively connected with strongest connections arising among items from the same domain. The domain network reports several connections, both positive and negative. The EGA reported the existence of four communities that we propose as an additional network structure. Node predictability estimates show that connectedness varies among the items and domains of the RSA.Conclusions: Network analysis is a useful tool to explore resilience and identify targets for clinical intervention. In this study, the four domains acting as components of the additional four-domain network structure may be potential targets to improve an individual’s resilience. Further studies may endeavor to replicate our findings in different samples.

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“…As such, network analysis is flexible and may be used to study psychopathology at various levels of complexity [20]. Indeed, there has been an increase in studies that have examined psychopathology at the construct level [20][21][22][23], and this approach has the advantage of reducing the amount of nodes and edges in a network, in turn simplifying interpretation [24]. As the aim of the present study was to provide a network analogue to p (which has primarily been modelled at the disorder-level), we chose to focus our enquiry at the disorder level (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurring internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in childhood and adolescence: a network approach

McElroy

Shevlin

Murphy

et al. 2018

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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The network approach suggests that psychopathology arises from complex associations between symptoms and may offer insight into the mechanisms that underpin psychiatric comorbidities. The transition from childhood to adolescence is a key period in the development of psychopathology, yet has rarely been considered from a network perspective. As such, the present study examined the network structure of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology from middle childhood through adolescence using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; n = 4405). Eight DSM-IV disorders were assessed using maternal reports when children were aged 7.5, 10.5 and 14 years. Weighted, undirected networks were estimated and the relative importance of each node was assessed using three common measures of node centrality; strength, betweenness, and closeness. A consistent network structure emerged at all three time points; nodes clustered together in two regions of space broadly reflecting the internalizing and externalizing spectra. Permutation tests supported structural invariance across this developmental period. These spectra were bridged by numerous disorder-level interactions, the most consistent of which was between depression and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Furthermore, inspection of the centrality indices indicated that generalised anxiety disorder and ODD were the most central disorders in the networks. These findings demonstrate that symptom/disorder-level interplay and reciprocal influence are plausible mechanisms for the association between internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in childhood/adolescence.

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Development of Indirect Measures of Conscientiousness: Combining a Facets Approach and Network Analysis

Cited by 114 publications

References 131 publications

The core symptoms of bulimia nervosa, anxiety, and depression: A network analysis.

The core symptoms of bulimia nervosa, anxiety, and depression: A network analysis.

Item and domain network structures of the Resilience Scale for Adults in 675 university students

Co-occurring internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in childhood and adolescence: a network approach

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