Development of India's river basins

Chitale, M. A.

doi:10.1080/07900629208722531

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, when the data of the sampling stations located at the upstream and downstream points of the river are compared, it is impossible to see a clear difference in water quality. This situation clearly shows that although the water of the Betwa River is under the influence of pollution, the auto-purification mechanism that can recover itself has not yet disappeared (Chitale, 1992;Nallathiga, 2018). In addition, FA/PCA was chosen as a multivariate statistical approach in the study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Surface Water Quality through CCME-WQI and Multivariate Statistical Techniques

Akıner

Chauhan

Singh

2022

Preprint

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The Betwa River Basin, a subbasin of the Yamuna, is the oldest flowing water system in Central India. Factor analysis and principal component analysis (FA/PCA) were multivariate statistical techniques used to extract three and four varimax factors that explained 96.408 and 100.000 percent of the total variance in water quality, respectively. Cluster analysis (CA) categorizes observed items into distinct quality categories based on correlations between stations and years. Point industrial/sewage effluents, non-point runoff from arable land and erosion, and natural source pollution are all factors that contribute to the pollution of the Betwa River, a mineral component of the water. As a result, water quality is threatened or impaired, and conditions often depart from natural or desirable levels at Rajghat, Garrauli, Mohana, and Shahijina stations. According to the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI), the water quality ranking at the Rajghat and Mohana stations corresponds to fair ecological status. However, the Garrauli and Shahijina stations' surface water has marginal water quality status. From 1985 to 2018, the Shahijina had the most considerable load of nutrients and organic matter, as established by the CCME-WQI and by comparing the water quality data. A thorough examination revealed a fluctuating trend in the Betwa River pollution, particularly at all stations. Results indicate that between 1985 and 2018, the only defense mechanism of the river was the auto purification mechanism, which is strongly influenced by the drought, point resource of pollution, and extreme meteorological events that probably cause these fluctuations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Surface Water Quality through CCME-WQI and Multivariate Statistical Techniques

Akıner

Chauhan

Singh

2022

Preprint

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“…Except for some cold and arid areas, most of the world's land surface is divisible into river basins (Barrow, 1998). Based upon Indian experience, (Chitale, 1992)classified the river basins into three major types according to their sizes, such as large basin having a catchment area greater than 20000 km 2 , medium basin within 2000 km 2 to 20000 km 2 and small basin with an area less than 2000 km 2 . For a very large basin, the entire basin can further be classified into upper, middle and lower sub-basins based on geological and climatological characteristics.…”

Section: Classification Of River Basinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable River Basin Management Planning: A Holistic Approach

Swetapadma¹,

Ojha²

2017

Earth Science India

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Water is the most vital element to life on earth, which can be a limited resource in an expanding global economy and population. The river water, a major source of surface water, finds multiple uses in irrigation, navigation, hydropower generation, flood management etc., thereby increasing the degree of complexity regarding its distribution among the users. The planning and management of river basin have gradually evolved over time with the change in water demand and also the river condition. Since last few decades, it has started moving towards a more scientific and technical approach consisting of integrated practices and management. India, being the second most populous nation of the world, its limited water resources is increasingly constrained by growing demand for irrigation and industrialization, which in turn has raised the level of pollution in many holly rivers along with interstate water disputes. To deal with all these conflicts, the river basin planning requires a sustainable holistic modeling of the entire basin for the socioeconomic development of the country. This paper recounts the evolution of river basin planning stages with a special focus on holistic modeling along with some major issues rising in the water stressed-country like India.

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Inter-State Water Sharing in India: From Conflict to Cooperation

Singh

2015

Spatial Diversity and Dynamics in Resources and Urban Development

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Development of India's river basins

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Surface Water Quality through CCME-WQI and Multivariate Statistical Techniques

Evaluation of Surface Water Quality through CCME-WQI and Multivariate Statistical Techniques

Sustainable River Basin Management Planning: A Holistic Approach

Inter-State Water Sharing in India: From Conflict to Cooperation

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