Development of high-strength, tough, and self-healing carboxymethyl guar gum-based hydrogels for human motion detection

Chen, Wei; Bu, Yunhao; Li, Delin; Liu, Yuan; Chen, Guangxue; Wan, Xiaofang; Li, Nan

doi:10.1039/c9tc05797h

Cited by 64 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Differently from piezoelectricity in which a mechanical deformation induces the generation of an electronic potential, [12] piezoresistivity is based on the spacing or the slippage of the conductive domains caused by the application of mechanical strain within the material structure, finally increasing the electrical resistance [13] . This property is fundamental for emerging applications of wearable electronics, [14] including electronics skins, [15] human motion detection, [16] human‐machine interface, [16a,17] and other ones [18] . In particular, bending sensors [19] represents one of the most technologically relevant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending Sensors Based on Thin Films of Semitransparent Bithiophene‐Fulleropyrrolidine Bisadducts

et al. 2020

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A novel bithiophene-fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts system (bis-Th2PC 60) was synthesized and electropolymerized by chronoamperometry onto flexible ITO/PET substrates. The resulting semitransparent thin film was characterized by XPS, FT-IR, cyclic voltammetry and optical techniques, confirming the good outcome of the electropolymerization process. AFM investigations permitted to highlight an inherent disordered granular morphology, in which the grain-to-grain separation depends upon the application of bending. The electrical resistance of the thin film was characterized as a function of bending (in the range 0°-90°), showing promising responsivity to low bending angles (10°-30°). The ΔR/R 0 variations turn out to be 8 %,16 % and 20 % for bending angles equal to 10°, 20°and 30°, respectively. This study represents a first step towards the understanding of piezoresistive properties in electropolymerized fullerenes-based thin films, opening up applications as bending sensor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending Sensors Based on Thin Films of Semitransparent Bithiophene‐Fulleropyrrolidine Bisadducts

et al. 2020

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“…Ion conductive hydrogels consist of a large number of free ions in a 3D polymer network with similar flexibility as biological systems, making them ideal candidates for wearable flexible devices. In recent studies of self-healing ionic conductive hydrogel flexible sensors, conductive ions such as Fe 3+ , [124,125] Na + , [126][127][128][129] [110] glycerol-plasticized polyvinyl alcohol-borax (PVA-borax) / 0.05 [111] polyvinyl alcohol, phenylboronic acid grafted alginate, and polyacrylamide 1.1 × 10 −2 0.064 [112] polyvinyl alcohol and borax / 0.23 [74] Carbon nanotubes polyacrylamide /chitosan hybrid / 0.06 [113] hydrophobic associated polyacrylamide hydrogel / 0.3 [114] Polyacrylamide hydrogels 0.5 0.91 [115] Silver nanoparticles polyion complex/polyaniline hybrid / 3. Al 3+ , [130] ammonium persulfate, [131] sulfuric acid, [132] and lithium chloride [133,134] have been reported.…”

Section: Conductivity Of Hydrogel Flexible Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chen et al fabricated a robust, tough and self-healing ionically conductive hydrogel sensors based on synergistic multiple non-covalent bonds between carboxymethyl guar gum (CMGG), poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) and iron metal ions (Fe 3+ ). [124] Han et al designed a selfhealing hydrogel flexible strain sensor with high sensitivity and good repeatability. Among them, the gel deformation ability was improved by adding polystyrene particles, the adhesion of various interfaces was achieved by doping polydopamine nanoparticles, and the gel conductivity was endowed by adding lithium chloride as shown in Figure 8b,d.…”

Section: Conductivity Of Hydrogel Flexible Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[133] In addition, selfhealing conductive hydrogels composed of conductive ions and conductive polymers have outstanding performance in tensile strength, such as Fe 3+ /polypyrrole composite conductive hydrogels [135,136] with much higher tensile strength than Fe 3+ conductive hydrogels. [124,125] The sensitivity of self-healing flexible sensors is crucial in practical applications. However, according to the existing research, the conductivity of flexible materials is undoubtedly an important factor affecting the sensing sensitivity.…”

Section: Conductivity Of Hydrogel Flexible Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Self‐healing Hydrogel Flexible Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flexible Self‐Repairing Materials for Wearable Sensing Applications: Elastomers and Hydrogels

Zhou

Dong

et al. 2020

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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related operations, and destroy the operation of the whole equipment (system). Bao and his colleagues developed a novel self-healing and mechanical force-sensing flexible sensor using micro-structured elastomeric dielectrics, which served as a foundation to improve the stability and lifetime of flexible sensors. [8] Self-healing flexible materials can be divided into two categories, one is solvent-less or water-free after curing and high degree of polymerization of elastomers, such as polyamide, polyurethane, etc., the other is hydrogels, low degree of polymerization, structural cross-linking. In self-healing flexible elastomer sensors, the structure of elastomer is mostly linear structure or semi-cross-linked structure; the elastomer of cross-linked structure is poor flexibility and fragile due to its high degree of polymerization. The elasticity of semi-crosslinked structure has excellent resilience and great potential in the field of flexible flexural sensors. In the past two years, self-healing flexible hydrogels have attracted extensive attention due to their excellent stretchability and resilience, as well as outstanding performance in the preparation of sensors with high sensitivity and fast response. [9,10] Sensors with elastomers and hydrogels as flexible matrices face great difficulties in conductivity, which affects the sensitivity and stability of the sensors. Filling conductive materials is the most commonly method, in which organic conductive polymers (polyaniline, [11] polypyrrole [12]) are filled to construct conductive networks, and good interfacial compatibility results in uniform conductive polymer elastomers, but the inherent color fillers affect the transparency of flexible sensors, limiting their applications in the biomedical field. [13-17] Flexible materials filled with inorganic conductive particles (graphene, nano-silver wire) have high conductivity, but phase separation between filler and matrix usually reduces the tensile, toughness and fatigue resistance, and even affects the self-healing ability of flexible materials. Modified fillers are often required to improve affinity for flexible matrices and inhibit phase separation. However, many hydrogel matrices are intrinsically weak and cannot withstand cyclic loadings. [18] Although surface modified fillers can improve strength and toughness, it is difficult to compensate for the inherent weaknesses. For self-healing flexible elastomers, conductive flexible materials can still be endowed with conductivity by scraping or printing conductive particles on the Flexible pressure and strain sensors have great potential for applications in wearable and implantable devices, soft robots, and artificial skin. The introduction of self-healing performance has made a positive contribution to the lifetime and stability of flexible sensors. At present, many self-healing flexible sensors with high sensitivity have been developed to detect the signal of organism activity. The sensitivity, reliability, and stability of self-healing flexible sensors depend...

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Self‐Healing Titanium Dioxide Nanocapsules‐Graphene/Multi‐Branched Polyurethane Hybrid Flexible Film with Multifunctional Properties toward Wearable Electronics

Zhou

Liu

Sun

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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The integration of self-healing capabilities into flexible electronics arouses extensive attention. The application of self-healing electronics with multifunctional properties in a variety of exceptional environments has been identified to be significantly challenging and not yet proven to be fully viable thus far. In the present study, the self-healing octadecane loaded titanium dioxide nanocapsules (OTNs)-graphene/multi-branched polyurethane (PU) hybrid flexible multifunctional film is successfully prepared. The prepared film exhibits a novel self-repair capability that consists of disulfide bonds in the leading chains for efficient self-healing of PU damage, as well as multiple amino groups in the branches for damage between OTNs-graphene and PU. Impacted by the constructed self-healing system and well-dispersed OTNs-graphene, the prepared flexible film demonstrates a prominent performance in piezoresistive sensing and a desirable outcome of ultraviolet protection properties, which can effectively prolong its service life, especially when used outdoors. Moreover, the film exhibits thermal insulating properties, capable of offering a suitable route for thermal protection of bio-integrated wearable electronic devices system. Thus, this self-healing multifunctional film is promising in wearable electronics, human-machine interaction, artificial intelligence devices, etc.

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Development of high-strength, tough, and self-healing carboxymethyl guar gum-based hydrogels for human motion detection

Abstract: Self-healing hydrogels have attracted intense attention because of their potential applications in ionic strain sensors.

Cited by 64 publications

References 47 publications

Bending Sensors Based on Thin Films of Semitransparent Bithiophene‐Fulleropyrrolidine Bisadducts

Bending Sensors Based on Thin Films of Semitransparent Bithiophene‐Fulleropyrrolidine Bisadducts

Flexible Self‐Repairing Materials for Wearable Sensing Applications: Elastomers and Hydrogels

Self‐Healing Titanium Dioxide Nanocapsules‐Graphene/Multi‐Branched Polyurethane Hybrid Flexible Film with Multifunctional Properties toward Wearable Electronics

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