Development of high-strength, high-conductivity Cu–Ag alloys for high-field pulsed magnet use

Sakai, Yoshikazu; Inoue, Kiyoshi; Asano, T.; Wada, Hitoshi; Maeda, Hiroshi

doi:10.1063/1.105813

Cited by 151 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is well known that Cu metal has high electrical conductivity in conjunction with low materials cost. On the other hand, the highest strength of Cu-based alloys has been reported to be 900 to 1500 MPa for Cu-Be base alloys subjected to an optimum age-hardening treatment 1,2) and 600 to 1500 MPa for Cu-M (M ¼ Nb or Ag) alloy wires produced by heavy cold drawing, [3][4][5][6] though disordered glassy alloys in Cu-based alloy system exhibit much higher tensile fracture strength of 2000 to 2500 MPa. [7][8][9][10] On the other hand, the electrical conductivity is about 24 to 50%IACS for the age-hardened Cu-Be alloys 1,2) and 50 to 90%IACS for the Cu-M alloy wires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9][10] On the other hand, the electrical conductivity is about 24 to 50%IACS for the age-hardened Cu-Be alloys 1,2) and 50 to 90%IACS for the Cu-M alloy wires. [3][4][5][6] Considering that the highest strength of crystalline metallic materials has been obtained for cold-rolled Fe-C alloy (piano wire) with a fibrous structure consisting of -Fe ferrite and Fe 3 C cementite carbide, 11,12) it is expected that higher strength characteristics in Cu-based alloys are obtained in Cu-based alloys with the similar fibrous mixed structure. We looked for an optimum alloy system where a well-developed fibrous structure consisting of Cu and compound was formed by cold drawing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrahigh Strength and High Electrical Conductivity Characteristics of Cu-Zr Alloy Wires with Nanoscale Duplex Fibrous Structure

et al. 2006

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The cold drawing of cast Cu 100Àx Zr x (x ¼ 3, 4 and 5 at%) alloys to the reduction ratio of 99.7% was found to cause simultaneous achievement of ultrahigh tensile strength of 1350 to 1800 MPa and high electrical conductivity of 30 to 45%IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). The cold-drawn Cu 95 Zr 5 alloy wire has a well-developed fibrous structure of fcc-Cu and tetragonal Cu 9 Zr 2 phases. The volume ratio of the fcc-Cu phase was evaluated to be about 76%. A very high density of internal defects was observed inside the Cu 9 Zr 2 phase in the cold-drawn Cu 95 Zr 5 alloy. The microstructure data suggest that the Cu fibrous phase with high aspect ratios is the origin for the achievement of high electrical conductivity and the well-developed fibrous structure contributes to the high tensile strength. The success of synthesizing the Cu-Zr alloy wire with simultaneously high tensile strength and high electrical conductivity exceeding the best combination of all Cu-based alloys reported up to data is expected to be used as a new type of high-strength and high conductivity material because of some advantages of energy saving, low materials cost and simple production process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh Strength and High Electrical Conductivity Characteristics of Cu-Zr Alloy Wires with Nanoscale Duplex Fibrous Structure

et al. 2006

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“…It is wound using high-tensile-strength CuAg wires (2 × 3 mm 2 ) with kapton insulation. 34 The coil has a 18 mm of inner diameter and 65 mm of outer diameter, respectively. It is encased in maraging steel with a flange on either end with an overall length and diameter of ∼100 mm each.…”

Section: Pulsed Magnetic Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A single-solenoid pulsed-magnet system for single-crystal scattering studies

Islam

Capatina

Ruff

et al. 2012

Review of Scientific Instruments

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We present a pulsed-magnet system that enables x-raysingle-crystaldiffraction in addition to powder and spectroscopic studies with the magnetic field applied on or close to the scattering plane. The apparatus consists of a single large-bore solenoid, cooled by liquid nitrogen. A second independent closed-cycle cryostat is used for cooling samples near liquid helium temperatures. Pulsed magnetic fields close to ∼30 T with a zeroto-peak-field rise time of ∼2.9 ms are generated by discharging a 40 kJ capacitor bank into the magnet coil. The unique characteristic of this instrument is the preservation of maximum scattering angle (∼23.6°) on the entrance and exit sides of the magnet bore by virtue of a novel double-funnel insert. This instrument will facilitate x-ray diffraction and spectroscopic studies that are impractical, if not impossible, to perform using split-pair and narrow-opening solenoid magnets. Furthermore, it offers a practical solution for preserving optical access in future higher-field pulsed magnets. KeywordsPhysics, Magnets, Magnetic fields, Sapphire, X-ray diffraction, Copper Disciplines Condensed Matter Physics CommentsThe following article appeared in Review of Scientific Instruments 83 (2012) We present a pulsed-magnet system that enables x-ray single-crystal diffraction in addition to powder and spectroscopic studies with the magnetic field applied on or close to the scattering plane. The apparatus consists of a single large-bore solenoid, cooled by liquid nitrogen. A second independent closedcycle cryostat is used for cooling samples near liquid helium temperatures. Pulsed magnetic fields close to ∼30 T with a zero-to-peak-field rise time of ∼2.9 ms are generated by discharging a 40 kJ capacitor bank into the magnet coil. The unique characteristic of this instrument is the preservation of maximum scattering angle (∼23.6 • ) on the entrance and exit sides of the magnet bore by virtue of a novel double-funnel insert. This instrument will facilitate x-ray diffraction and spectroscopic studies that are impractical, if not impossible, to perform using split-pair and narrow-opening solenoid magnets. Furthermore, it offers a practical solution for preserving optical access in future higher-field pulsed magnets.

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“…Furthermore, drawn Cu-Ag alloy wires 10,11) with a eutectic lamellar structure created by casting have also been studied. Sakai et al studied Cu-Ag alloys reinforced by ber-like structures in which the primary and eutectic phases underwent elongation during a cold wire-drawing process [12][13][14] . In contrast, other efforts have focused on the production of lean Cu alloy materials with high electrical conductivity 15,16) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Hypoeutectic Cu–Zr Alloy Rods Manufactured by Vertically Upwards Continuous Casting

Muramatsu

Akaiwa

2016

Mater. Trans.

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This study applied a vertically upwards continuous casting (VUCC) mass-production method to the pilot-scale production of hypoeutectic Cu-xZr (x = 0.25-5 at%) alloy rods. The microstructures of these VUCC rods were investigated and compared with those of rods produced by copper mold casting (CMC). In addition, the wire-drawing ability of the VUCC rods was examined, and the adaptability of the VUCC method to the mass production of hypoeutectic Cu-Zr alloys was fully investigated. The results show that VUCC provides a higher rate of cooling than CMC, with the resulting dendritic microstructure expected to contribute to its arm-spacing re nement. Furthermore, the VUCC rods exhibit good wire-drawing ability. The ultimate tensile strength, total strain to fracture, and electrical conductivity of Cu-2.5Zr (at%) alloy wires with diameter of 13.8 μm drawn from a VUCC rod are 1882 ± 28 MPa, 2.2 ± 0.2%, and 21% IACS (i.e. 21% of the International Annealed Copper Standard conductivity of annealed copper), respectively. The results suggest that VUCC has good potential to be adapted for mass production of hypoeutectic Cu-Zr alloy rods.

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Development of high-strength, high-conductivity Cu–Ag alloys for high-field pulsed magnet use

Cited by 151 publications

References 8 publications

Ultrahigh Strength and High Electrical Conductivity Characteristics of Cu-Zr Alloy Wires with Nanoscale Duplex Fibrous Structure

Ultrahigh Strength and High Electrical Conductivity Characteristics of Cu-Zr Alloy Wires with Nanoscale Duplex Fibrous Structure

A single-solenoid pulsed-magnet system for single-crystal scattering studies

Characteristics of Hypoeutectic Cu–Zr Alloy Rods Manufactured by Vertically Upwards Continuous Casting

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