Development of heterogeneous catalyst by ionically bonding macrocyclic Zr–Zr complex to montmorillonite clay for depolymerization of polypropylene

Lal, Sunder; Anisia, K.S.; Jhansi, M.; Kishore, Lalit; Kumar, Anil

doi:10.1016/j.molcata.2006.09.027

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…When both PE and PP were co-fed in the co-presence of MCM-41 and another NaY, C 3 -C 9 iso-olefins were preferentially attained (Table 1), 30 originating from intramolecular hydrogen transfer reactions facilitating isomerization of formed alkenes and alkadienes. Waxes were alternatively generated from PP when using a montmorillonite clay functionalized with a macrocyclic Zr-Zr complex (80% yield) 31 or alumina bearing a iron-copper complex (95% yield) 32 as catalysts (Table 1). Infrared spectroscopic analysis suggested a mechanism based on radical random scission of the polymer chain followed by its complexing with the catalyst to give a radical cation complex and, finally, movement of the latter along its chain by bond shift reaction (Figure 6D).…”

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a closely related study, a 1:1 HDPE-PS feed exposed to a physical mixture of an equilibrated FCC catalyst and silica led to 35%, 26%, and 16% selectivity toward gasoline, kerosene, and diesel, respectively. 31 As for the simultaneous conversion of HDPE with LDPE and PP, USY, ZSM-5, and MOR zeolites were compared with ASA and MCM-41 (Figures 6F and 6G). 36 The yield of volatile HCs for zeolitic catalysts (ZSM-5 > MOR > USY) was higher than for non-zeolitic catalysts (MCM-41 > ASA), reaching 93% over ZSM-5 (66% C 1 -C 4 and 25% C 5 -C 9 ).…”

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic processing of plastic waste on the rise

Martín

Mondelli

Jaydev

et al. 2021

Chem

313

272

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Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic processing of plastic waste on the rise

Martín

Mondelli

Jaydev

et al. 2021

Chem

313

272

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, their upcycling is much more challenging. Uncontrolled radical depolymerization of these polymers in thermal processes typically gives low-value fuels and wax [208][209][210]. Kong et al recently demonstrated a photothermal radical process for the conversion of polyethylene and polypropylene into blending compatibilizers [211].…”

Section: Radical Depolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radical chemistry in polymer science: an overview and recent advances

Wang,

Cui,

Sui

et al. 2023

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

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Radical chemistry is one of the most important methods used in modern polymer science and industry. Over the past century, new knowledge on radical chemistry has both promoted and been generated from the emergence of polymer synthesis and modification techniques. In this review, we discuss radical chemistry in polymer science from four interconnected aspects. We begin with radical polymerization, the most employed technique for industrial production of polymeric materials, and other polymer synthesis involving a radical process. Post-polymerization modification, including polymer crosslinking and polymer surface modification, is the key process that introduces functionality and practicality to polymeric materials. Radical depolymerization, an efficient approach to destroy polymers, finds applications in two distinct fields, semiconductor industry and environmental protection. Polymer chemistry has largely diverged from organic chemistry with the fine division of modern science but polymer chemists constantly acquire new inspirations from organic chemists. Dialogues on radical chemistry between the two communities will deepen the understanding of the two fields and benefit the humanity.

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“…For instance, specific grades of montmorillonite known as K-10, K-20, K-30, and KSF are commercial products with catalytic applications for several different laboratory and industrial scale reactions. In particular, the catalytic effect of the clay materials in depolymerization reactions of waste plastics, applicable in polymeric materials recycling, has been demonstrated [28].…”

Section: Kinetic Parameters From Dynamic Tgamentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Synthesis of ABS/Clay Nanocomposites, Comparison and Thermal Properties

Pourabbas

Azimi

2008

Journal of Composite Materials

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ABS nanocomposites were prepared in this study by using an indirect method. The method involved the preparation of SAN nanocomposites and subsequent addition of gABS as the second constituent of ABS. For this purpose, in the first step, SAN/clay nanocomposites were prepared containing different loading levels of montmorillonite (MMT). In the next step, gABS was added to the latter nanocomposites in appropriate weight fraction during a melt mixing method. The dispersion situation of the clay layers were determined by using XRD and TEM analysis. The thermal properties of indirectly prepared ABS nanocomposites were compared to that of SAN, SAN nanocomposites, and directly prepared ABS nanocomposites (directly from commercial grade of ABS) in order to verify the effect of gABS. Thermal methods including TGA, DTA and kinetic analysis using dynamic TGA were in order to analysis and comparison of the thermal properties. The results showed that the addition of gABS to the already prepared SAN/MMT nanocomposites leads to lower compatibility between SAN and gABS in the final product, as confirmed by SEM and TEM micrographs. However, higher thermal properties were obtained for indirect method. Dynamic kinetic analyses showed that the addition of gABS and clay changes the kinetic parameters of the thermal degradation reactions.

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Development of heterogeneous catalyst by ionically bonding macrocyclic Zr–Zr complex to montmorillonite clay for depolymerization of polypropylene

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Catalytic processing of plastic waste on the rise

Catalytic processing of plastic waste on the rise

Radical chemistry in polymer science: an overview and recent advances

Indirect Synthesis of ABS/Clay Nanocomposites, Comparison and Thermal Properties

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