Development of HA/Ag-NPs Composite Coating from Green Process for Hip Applications

Abstract

In the present study, biological hydroxyapatite (HA) was obtained from bovine bones through a thermal process. A total of 0% and 1% of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) synthesized from Opuntia ficus (nopal) were added to the biological hydroxyapatite coatings using an atmospheric plasma spray (APS) on a Ti6Al4V substrate. Following this, its antimicrobial efficiency was evaluated against the following bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This was conducted according to the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) Z2801:2000 “Antimicrobial Product-Test for Antimicrobial Activity and Efficacy”. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were evenly distributed on the coating surface. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) shows that apatite deposition occurs on a daily basis, maintaining a Ca/P rate between 2.12 and 1.45. Biocompatibility properties were evaluated with osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) by single-cell gel electrophoresis assay and Tali image cytometry.

Impact Evaluation of High Energy Ball Milling Homogenization Process in the Phase Distribution of Hydroxyapatite-Barium Titanate Plasma Spray Biocoating

“…In conjunction with the analysis of semiquantitative elemental spectroscopy using EDS, the change in the Ca/P molar ratio was determined. As reported by Chow L. et al (2009) [6], Heimman R (2018) [47] and Lozoya D. et al (2017) [50], the increase in Ca/P molar ratio in thermal sprayed HA-based coatings is due to the main presence of thermal decomposition phases like a TTCP, CaO, and the vaporization of P 2 O 5 during the coating deposition. As it observed, HEBM in comparison to MSH coatings shows a slightly better increment in Ca/P molar ratio; it increased from 1.67 (HA value) to 2.1 for HEBM coatings and to 2.3 to MSH coatings.…”

A Short Overview of Recent Developments on Antimicrobial Coatings Based on Phytosynthesized Metal Nanoparticles

“…Lozoya-Rodríguez et al [58] developed an antimicrobial coating comprised of AgNP and hydroxyapatite deposited on a Ti 6 Al 4 V alloy substrate (217.33 µm coating) for hip applications. The AgNPs were phytosynthesized using prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) extract and the antimicrobial coating was applied on the metallic alloy by plasma spray coating.…”

“…The biomedical applications presented in the current chapter suggest several opportunities for future research areas: for example, the incorporation of NPs in chitosan (presented in Table 2 for magnetite nanoparticles) can be extended to a wide variety of antimicrobial nanoparticles, as can also be the use for different nanoparticles for antimicrobial films designed for medical devices. In addition, development of hydroxyapatite/NPs composites (as presented in Table 2- [58] and by our group [62]) could lead to the development of "green" coatings for implantable devices. Another surprising aspect emerging from Table 2 is represented by the relatively large dimensions of the nanoparticles presented by the authors for biomedical applications (compared to the ones used for the development of antimicrobial textiles).…”

Electrical Properties of Newly Calcified Tissues on the Surface of Silver Ion Administrated Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds

“…Hence, the immense research has been explored in modification of HAp structure by substituting metal ion species like copper (Cu 2+ ), manganese (Mn 2+ ), silicon (Si 4+ ), iron (Fe 3+ ), strontium (Sr 2+ ), cobalt (CO 2+ ), zinc (Zn 2+ ), silver (Ag + ) for improvement in its biological premises for specific applications in biomedical field [8]- [15]. However, among various trace metal ions, introduction of Ag + ion in HAp can have an advantage of excellent biocompatibility, satisfactory stability, antibacterial nature and noncytotoxicity and this can help to prevent post transplantation infection risk of implant material [16] [17]. The inclusion of silver ions in HAp structure promotes bioactivity and such coating on metal offers corrosion resistance [18] [19] [20].…”