Development of gut immunoglobulin A production in piglet in response to innate and environmental factors

Levast, Benoît; Berri, Mustapha; Wilson, Heather L.; Meurens, François; Salmon, Henri

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2013.12.012

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Bacteroides forage within the mucus covering gut epithelial cells [2] whose structure and composition change along the intestinal tract [21] and perhaps may change also with age. Moreover, IgA secretion into the gut lumen can be detected from day 21 of life with stable production from around day 30 of life [3] which may also affect microbiota composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beneficial species in gut microbiota prevent the multiplication of pathogens by simple competition for available nutrients. Finally, gut microbiota stimulates the immune system thus playing a crucial role in neonate immune system maturation [3]. Correct colonization of the intestinal tract, in the early days of life in particular, is therefore of utmost importance for any individual and the quality of this early colonization may determine the extent of digestive disorders occurring during the first weeks of life or affect long term intestinal homeostasis [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Housing Systems Influence Gut Microbiota Composition of Sows but Not of Their Piglets

et al. 2017

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Different housing systems can be used in pig production and little is known about their effect on gut microbiota composition. In this study we characterized fecal microbiota by sequencing the rRNA genes in sows kept during gestation in conventional pens with a slatted floor and in enriched pens with a floor covered with deep straw. After farrowing, microbiota of 1- and 4-day-old piglets were also monitored. Microbiota of sows from the enriched system contained significantly more Prevotella, Parabacteroides, CF231, Phascolarctobacterium, Fibrobacter, Anaerovibrio and YRC22 and significantly less Lactobacillus, Bulleidia, Lachnospira, Dorea, Ruminococcus and Oscillospira than microbiota of sows from the conventional system. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio was 0.96 in the microbiota of sows kept in the enriched pens and this increased to 1.66 in the microbiota of sows kept in the conventional system. The production system therefore influenced microbiota composition, most likely due the ingestion of the straw. The microbiota of 1- and 4-day-old piglets differed from the microbiota of sows and sows therefore did not represent the most important source for their colonization in early days of life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing Systems Influence Gut Microbiota Composition of Sows but Not of Their Piglets

et al. 2017

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“…This was the case in LPS‐challenged piglets as well as NC. Serum IgA functions as a second line of defence by eliminating pathogens that crossed mucosae, where secretory (mucosal) IgA is a first line of defence against invasion by ingested pathogens at the mucosae (Levast, Berri, Wilson, Meurens, & Salmon, ; Woof & Kerr, ). The level of specific serum IgA and intestinal secretory IgA is closely related (Cerutti & Rescigno, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medium‐chain glycerides affect gut morphology, immune‐ and goblet cells in post‐weaning piglets: In vitro fatty acid screening withEscherichia coliand in vivo consolidation with LPS challenge

Keyser¹,

Dierick

Kanto

et al. 2018

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The influence of medium‐chain glycerides on performance and gastrointestinal well‐being in weaning piglets was assessed. First, caproic (C6), caprylic (C8) and capric (C10) acid activity against Escherichia coli was screened in vitro. Pig flora of the whole small intestine was used as inoculum. Seven in vitro incubations were done in duplicate at pH = 3 and 5: C10 (15 mM), C8 (12 mM), C6 (15, 12, 10 mM), a non‐incubated‐negative control and incubated negative control. Culture suspensions were plated on E. coli‐selective agar. Controls showed bacterial growth. C6 and C8 showed no growth at both pH‐values, where C10 showed growth at pH = 5. Secondly, an in vivo study was done with 80 weaned piglets over 42 days, housed in pens of eight animals (five pens/treatment), fed a basal diet containing broken rice/soya bean meal/fish meal and supplemented with C6 and C8 in medium‐chain glyceride form (MCT6/8, 0.175%) or antibiotic growth promoter (AGP, 0.020%) (Kasetsart University, Thailand) serving as control. Feed intake, daily gain and feed‐to‐gain ratio did not differ between MCT6/8 and AGP. Per replicate, two random selected piglets were challenged intravenously with E. coli‐lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline solution (S) at Days 21 and 28. All challenged animals were sacrificed; blood and digestive tract samples (jejunum/ileum) were collected at Day 35. LPS challenge consistently reduced villus height and crypt depth for MCT6/8 and AGP. However, LPS‐challenged piglets supplemented with MCT6/8 restored villus height, where AGP did not. MCT6/8 piglets had higher serum IgA, more jejunal IgA‐positive plasma cells and goblet cells than AGP. At the ileal level, results were similar, though less pronounced. The present study offers new insight in the benefits of MCT6/8 over AGP in the post‐weaning period. There is in vitro anti‐microbial action of C6 and C8 on E. coli. In vivo, MCT6/8 also has protective effects in the small intestine that may result in growth promotion.

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“…The early application of bacteria before first colostrum intake differs from other studies administering probiotics 12 h (Genovese et al, 2001) or 1 h after birth (Davidson and Hirsh, 1976). Although an optimal interaction of the introduced strains with host cells before contact with pathogens can be assumed with this approach, immune modulation by colostral components, which physiologically balance bacterial gut colonization, was lacking and negative effects on piglet development cannot be excluded (Nguyen et al, 2007;Levast et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of non-pathogenic isolates of Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens type A to piglets in a herd affected with a high incidence of neonatal diarrhoea

Unterweger

Kahler

Gerlach³

et al. 2017

Animal

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A bacterial cocktail of living strains of Clostridium perfringens type A (CPA) without β2-toxin gene and non-pathogenic Escherichia coli was administered orally to newborn piglets before first colostrum intake and on 2 consecutive days on a farm with a high incidence of diarrhoea and antibiotic treatment in suckling piglets associated with E. coli and CPA. This clinical field study was driven by the hypothetic principle of competitive exclusion of pathogenic bacteria due to prior colonization of the gut mucosal surface by non-pathogenic strains of the same bacterial species with the aim of preventing disease. Although CPA strains used in this study did not produce toxins in vitro, their lack of pathogenicity cannot be conclusively confirmed. The health status of the herd was impaired by a high incidence of postpartum dysgalactia syndrome in sows (70%) and a high incidence of neonatal diarrhoea caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli and CPA during the study. No obvious adverse effect of the bacterial treatment occurred. On average, more piglets were weaned in litters treated ( P = 0.009). Visual pathological alterations in the small intestinal wall were more frequent in dead piglets of the control group (P = 0.004) and necrotizing enteritis was only found in that group. A higher average daily weight gain of piglets in the control group ( P < 0.001) may be due to an increased milk uptake due to less competition in the smaller litters. The bacterial cocktail was tested under field conditions for its potential to stabilize gut health status in suckling piglets before disease development due to colibacillosis and clostridial infections; however, the gut flora stabilizing effect of the bacterial cocktail was not clearly discernible in this study. Further basic research is needed to confirm the positive effects of the bacterial treatment used and to identify additional potential bacterial candidates for competitive exclusion.

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Development of gut immunoglobulin A production in piglet in response to innate and environmental factors

Cited by 37 publications

References 136 publications

Housing Systems Influence Gut Microbiota Composition of Sows but Not of Their Piglets

Housing Systems Influence Gut Microbiota Composition of Sows but Not of Their Piglets

Medium‐chain glycerides affect gut morphology, immune‐ and goblet cells in post‐weaning piglets: In vitro fatty acid screening withEscherichia coliand in vivo consolidation with LPS challenge

Administration of non-pathogenic isolates of Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens type A to piglets in a herd affected with a high incidence of neonatal diarrhoea

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