Development of global magnetohydrodynamic instabilities in Z-pinch plasmas in the presence of nonideal effects

Sotnikov, V. I.; Bauer, Bruno; Leboeuf, J. N.; Hellinger, Petr; Trávnı́ček, P.; Fiala, V.

doi:10.1063/1.1691452

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Sotnikov et al [398] have employed a hybrid 3D MHD code including the Hall term, modelling both m = 0 and m = 1 modes. The development of an electromagnetic flute mode in a precursor plasma carrying a current [399] showed the evolution of large scale structures and the generation of shorter wavelength turbulence. But simulations would require 2 µm resolution in order to model the fast-growing short wavelength modes and their associated viscous heating of [130].…”

Section: Atomic Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the denseZ-pinch

Haines

2011

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

388

184

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The Z-pinch, perhaps the oldest subject in plasma physics, has achieved a remarkable renaissance in recent years, following a few decades of neglect due to its basically unstable MHD character. Using wire arrays, a significant transition at high wire number led to a great improvement in both compression and uniformity of the Z-pinch. Resulting from this the Z-accelerator at Sandia at 20 MA in 100 ns has produced a powerful, short pulse, soft x-ray source >230 TW for 4.5 ns) at a high efficiency of ∼15%. This has applications to inertial confinement fusion. Several hohlraum designs have been tested. The vacuum hohlraum has demonstrated the control of symmetry of irradiation on a capsule, while the dynamic hohlraum at a higher radiation temperature of 230 eV has compressed a capsule from 2 mm to 0.8 mm diameter with a neutron yield >3 × 10 11 thermal DD neutrons, a record for any capsule implosion. World record ion temperatures of >200 keV have recently been measured in a stainless-steel plasma designed for Kα emission at stagnation, due, it was predicted, to ion-viscous heating associated with the dissipation of fast-growing short wavelength nonlinear MHD instabilities. Direct fusion experiments using deuterium gas-puffs have yielded 3.9×10 13 neutrons with only 5% asymmetry, suggesting for the first time a mainly thermal source. The physics of wire-array implosions is a dominant theme. It is concerned with the transformation of wires to liquid-vapour expanding cores; then the generation of a surrounding plasma corona which carries most of the current, with inward flowing low magnetic Reynolds number jets correlated with axial instabilities on each wire; later an almost constant velocity, snowplough-like implosion occurs during which gaps appear in the cores, leading to stagnation on the axis, and the production of the main soft-x-ray pulse. These studies have been pursued also with smaller facilities in other laboratories around the world. At Imperial College, conical and radial wire arrays have led to highly collimated tungsten plasma jets with a Mach number of >20, allowing laboratory astrophysics experiments to be undertaken. These highlights will be underpinned in this review with the basic physics of Z-pinches including stability, kinetic effects, and finally its applications.

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Section: Atomic Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the denseZ-pinch

Haines

2011

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

388

184

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“…In addition to the stabilizing effect of an axial magnetic field, 5 sheared axial flows have also been shown to be effective in controlling the linear 6-8 and nonlinear 9 developments of sausage and kink instabilities in Z-pinch plasmas. Experimental, 1 computational, 2 and analytical 3 studies have demonstrated that sheared poloidal or azimuthal flows 4 are particularly effective control knobs in tokamak and stellarator plasmas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear analysis of magnetic and flow shear stabilization of Z-pinch instabilities

2005

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Articles you may be interested inLinear and nonlinear development of m = 0 instability in a diffuse Bennett Z-pinch equilibrium with sheared axial flow Phys. Linear analysis of sheared flow stabilization of global magnetohydrodynamic instabilities based on the Hall fluid model Phys. Plasmas 9, 913 (2002);A global normal mode stability analysis on the effect of radially sheared azimuthal flow and radially sheared magnetic fields on magnetohydrodynamic ͑MHD͒ instabilities in Z-pinch plasmas is presented. A linearized set of ideal MHD equations allows the investigation of plasmas with both magnetic shear and flow shear included in the plasma equilibrium. The stabilizing effects of sheared azimuthal flow and sheared axial magnetic field are presented. Here we show that radial shear in the functional form of a vortex is particularly efficient at reducing instability growth rates.

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“…Unlike standard MHD, the LSP algorithms permit non-Maxwellian particle distributions, finite mean-free-path effects, self-consistent anomalous resistivity, and charge separation. We note that several previous 2D and 3D PIC simulations have assumed either collisionless kinetic particles [2][3][4][5] or hybrid models where the ions are treated as particles and the electrons are represented as an inertialess electron fluid [6,7]. We discuss differences seen between PIC and MHD simulations in Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability growth, nonthermal ion generation, and resulting fusion neutron production.…”

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confidence: 97%

Fully Kinetic Particle-in-Cell Simulations of a Deuterium Gas PuffzPinch

et al. 2009

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We present the first fully kinetic, collisional, and electromagnetic simulations of the complete time evolution of a deuterium gas puff z pinch. Recent experiments with 15-MA current pinches have suggested that the dominant neutron-production mechanism is thermonuclear. We observe distinct differences between the kinetic and magnetohydrodynamic simulations in the pinch evolution with the kinetic simulations producing both thermonuclear and beam-target neutrons. The kinetic approach demonstrated in this Letter represents a viable alternative for performing future plasma physics calculations.

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Development of global magnetohydrodynamic instabilities in Z-pinch plasmas in the presence of nonideal effects

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

A review of the denseZ-pinch

A review of the denseZ-pinch

Linear analysis of magnetic and flow shear stabilization of Z-pinch instabilities

Fully Kinetic Particle-in-Cell Simulations of a Deuterium Gas PuffzPinch

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