Development of Forest Structure and Leaf Area in Secondary Forests Regenerating on Abandoned Pastures in Central Amazônia

Feldpausch, Ted R.; Riha, Susan J.; Fernandes, E. C. M.; Wandelli, E. V.

doi:10.1175/ei140.1

Cited by 46 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…While an increase in basal area was observed in the present study, the increase in density in the unburned plots was unexpected because this parameter tends to decrease as a community approaches the typical configuration of a forest formation (Feldpausch et al 2005). In the present case, then, the savanna forest may still be at an "initial" stage of the silvigenetic cycle, characterized by positive net changes in density, for example (see Marimon et al 2006;Machado & Oliveira-Filho 2010;Oliveira et al 2014).…”

Section: Basal Area and Densitysupporting

confidence: 41%

Post-fire dynamics of the woody vegetation of a savanna forest (Cerradão) in the Cerrado-Amazon transition zone

Reis¹,

Lenza

Marimon

et al. 2015

Acta Bot. Bras.

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Fire can change the species composition, diversity, and structure of savanna vegetation, thus altering growth and mortality rates. Such changes in the woody vegetation of burned savanna forest were evaluated over four years in comparison to unburned savanna forest. All woody plants with a diameter at breast height > 10 cm were measured in 100 permanent plots. Six months later, 38 of these plots were burned. Three and a half years later, all surviving individuals were re-sampled. Species richness, diversity, and the number of individuals did not change in the burned plots, although they had significantly higher (p < 0.05) increases in basal area and mortality rates (5.1% year -1 ) than the unburned plots (3.0% year -1 ). Tachigali vulgaris had the greatest post-fire increase in basal area (53%). The results indicate that fire alters the dynamics and structure of the savanna forest, excluding the less fire-tolerant species and smaller individuals ( 15cm). Tachigali vulgaris is a key species for the recovery of savanna forest biomass due to its considerable post-fire gains in basal area, at least over the short term due to its short life cycle. It follows that frequent burning of savanna forest would result in a marked change in the species composition and structure of its woody vegetation.

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Section: Basal Area and Densitysupporting

confidence: 41%

Post-fire dynamics of the woody vegetation of a savanna forest (Cerradão) in the Cerrado-Amazon transition zone

Reis¹,

Lenza

Marimon

et al. 2015

Acta Bot. Bras.

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“…The chronosequence studied was marked by a peak in basal area and tree density in the intermediate stand, for both the understory and canopy strata; the late successional forest was the least dense stand. In general, young stands are characterized by higher tree densities, lower basal areas and shorter canopy heights (Saldarriaga et al 1988;Aide et al 1995;Denslow & Guzman 2000) and the increase in density and basal area is either asymptotic (Saldarriaga et al 1988;Piotto et al 2009) or exhibits a peak in intermediate stands (Aide et al 1995;Feldpausch et al 2005). The immature forest is a habitat where the shade-intolerant trees and shrubs of the initial succession are still present and where the shade-tolerant species can also become established, resulting in a dense forest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest structure and species composition along a successional gradient of Lowland Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil

Marques¹,

Zwiener²,

Ramos³

et al. 2014

Biota Neotrop.

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MARQUES, C.M.M., ZWIENER, V.P., RAMOS, F.M., BORGO, M., MARQUES, R. Forest structure and species composition along a successional gradient of Lowland Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil. Biota http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-06032014009414Abstract: The Lowland Forest is one of the most disturbed and fragile ecosystems in the Atlantic Forest biome, yet little is known regarding its successional trajectory and resilience. We evaluated changes in species assemblages and forest structure of the canopy and understory along a successional gradient (young 21-yrs old forest, immature 34-yrs old forest and late successional 59-yrs old forest) aiming to assess changes in species composition and successional trajectory of different strata of secondary forests. A 0.1 ha plot (ten 10x10 m sub-plots) from each forest stand was surveyed for trees and shrubs with a diameter at breast height (DBH) > 4.8 cm (canopy) and for individuals with heights > 1 m and DBH , 4.8 cm (understory). A total of 3,619 individuals from 82 plant species were sampled. The successional gradient was marked by a unidirectional increase in species richness and a bidirectional pattern of density changes (increasing from young to immature forest and decreasing from immature to late successional forest). Community assemblages were distinct in the three forests and two strata; indicator species were only weakly shared among stands. Thus, each successional forest and stratum was observed to be a unique plant community. Our results suggest slight predictability of community assemblages in secondary forests, but a relatively fast recovery of forest structure. Keywords: canopy, chronosequence, Restinga, understory.MARQUES, C.M.M., ZWIENER, V.P., RAMOS, F.M., BORGO, M., MARQUES, R. Estrutura e composição ao longo de um gradiente sucessional de Floresta de Terras Baixas no sul do Brasil. Biota http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-06032014009414Resumo: As Florestas de Terras Baixas constituem um dos ecossistemas mais perturbados e frá geis no bioma Mata Atlâ ntica, mas ainda pouco se sabe sobre sua trajetó ria sucessional e resiliência. Foram avaliadas alteraçõ es na composiçã o de espécies e a estrutura florestal do dossel e sub-bosque ao longo de um gradiente sucessional (floresta jovem-21 anos, floresta imatura-34 anos, floresta madura-59 anos) com o objetivo de verificar as mudanças na composiçã o de espécies e a trajetó ria sucessional de diferentes estratos destas florestas secundá rias. Uma parcela de 0,1 ha (dez sub-parcelas de 10x10 m) foi estabelecida em cada floresta, amostrando-se á rvores e arbustos com um diâ metro à altura do peito (DAP) > 4,8 cm (dossel) e para indivíduos com altura . 1 m e DAP , 4,8 cm (sub-bosque). Um total de 3.619 indivíduos de 82 espécies de plantas foram amostrados. O gradiente sucessional foi marcado por um aumento unidirecional na riqueza de espécies com o tempo, e um padrã o bidirecional de mudanças de densidade (aumentando da floresta jovem para a imatura e diminuindo da imatura para a madura). As assembléias de plantas eram dist...

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“…Density is a rather unpredictable parameter in secondary succession, since it is affected by factors that operate at different spatial and temporal scales, and that may have different effects on different size classes (Chazdon et al 2007). Density of individuals tends to be higher in secondary than in old-growth forests (Guariguata and Ostertag 2001; Chazdon et al 2007), but during the first years or decades after abandonment it may increase to an asymptote (Aide et al 1995), show an intermediate peak Feldpausch et al 2005), or may not be correlated with forest age (Peña-Claros 2003). Our findings suggest that anthropogenic soils may show specific patterns of density change with time, which may be due to their higher fertility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary forests on anthropogenic soils in Brazilian Amazonia conserve agrobiodiversity

2010

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Throughout Brazilian Amazonia anthropogenic soils that are the product of pre-Columbian settlements are called Terra Preta de Índio (Indian Dark Earths, TPI). These soils are dramatically different from surrounding soils due to long-term human activity, but there is little information about how secondary forest succession is affected by these differences. We tested if community structure (density, richness and basal area), floristic composition and domesticated species' richness and density were similar between TPI and non-anthropogenic soils (NAS) in 52 25 9 10 m secondary forest plots in different successional stages near three traditional communities along the middle Madeira River, Central Amazonia. We sampled 858 woody individuals on TPI (77 domesticated) and 1095 on NAS (27 domesticated); 550 understory palms on TPI (169 domesticated) and 778 on NAS (123 domesticated). We found 179 species on TPI (10 domesticated), 190 on NAS (8 domesticated), and 74 (25%) in both environments. Although community structure on TPI and NAS was fairly similar, they showed significantly distinctive floristic compositions, both for woody individuals and understory palms. The density and richness of domesticated species was significantly higher on TPI than on NAS for woody individuals, but not for palms. The intimate long-term association of TPI with human activity has lead to the formation of distinct secondary forests and has favored the concentration of domesticated populations of crop species. Hence, secondary forests on anthropogenic soils concentrate agrobiodiversity, offering advantages for in situ conservation of genetic resources, and are unique ecosystems that should be considered in conservation efforts.

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Development of Forest Structure and Leaf Area in Secondary Forests Regenerating on Abandoned Pastures in Central Amazônia

Cited by 46 publications

References 46 publications

Post-fire dynamics of the woody vegetation of a savanna forest (Cerradão) in the Cerrado-Amazon transition zone

Post-fire dynamics of the woody vegetation of a savanna forest (Cerradão) in the Cerrado-Amazon transition zone

Forest structure and species composition along a successional gradient of Lowland Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil

Secondary forests on anthropogenic soils in Brazilian Amazonia conserve agrobiodiversity

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