Development of Encarsia bimaculata (Heraty and Polaszek) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) nymphs

Antony, Binu; Palaniswami, Marimuthu; Kirk, Alan A.; Henneberry, T. J.

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2004.01.018

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Aphelinid parasitoids from Encarsia and Eretmocerus genera, lady beetles and lacewings in Coleoptera and Neuroptera were found to be the dominant arthropod predators of B. tabaci in China (Li et al ., 2011). Among these, Encarsia bimaculata Heraty et Polaszek is found in Asia and Australasia as well as Israel, Mexico and the USA (Heraty & Polaszek, 2000; Schmidt et al , 2001; Antony et al ., 2004; Qian et al , 2007) and is one of two most abundant parasitoids attacking B. tabaci in south China (Qiu et al , 2004b). Field studies reported average levels of parasitism by E. bimaculata of 15%–22%, peaking at 87.3% on vegetables and ornamentals in southern China in 2002–2004 (Qiu et al , 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed development of the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and increased parasitism by Encarsia bimaculata in response to sublethal doses of piperonyl butoxide

Qian

Ren

et al. 2011

Insect Science

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Effects of sublethal piperonyl butoxide (PB) on parasitization of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) by Encarsia bimaculata Heraty et Polaszek (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) were evaluated both in cage and greenhouse experiments. When first, second and third instar B. tabaci nymphs were treated with PB, all but the first instar were significantly prolonged. Data indicated that sublethal PB could improve E. bimaculata parasitism rates without influencing parasitoid eclosion rates. Prolonged development increased rates of parasitism by E. bimaculata, from 17.6% to 24.7% in cages, presumably by increasing the duration of host exposure. Sublethal PB combined with E. bimaculata as an integrated approach to control B. tabaci was evaluated using life table parameters under greenhouse conditions. Indices of population trend (I) calculated from life tables were estimated at 4.6 for B. tabaci exposed to PB and parasitoids compared to 14.1 with parasitoids alone and 23.5 in untreated controls. The results showed that after PB was sprayed and parasitoids introduced, development of B. tabaci was delayed and the peak of each stage was postponed. The older nymphal stage had highest mortality, primarily due to mortality caused by parasitism by E. bimaculata.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed development of the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and increased parasitism by Encarsia bimaculata in response to sublethal doses of piperonyl butoxide

Qian

Ren

et al. 2011

Insect Science

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“…Encarsia bimaculata Heraty et Polaszek (Hym., Aphelinidae) was first described from India by Heraty and Polaszek (Antony et al. 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bemisia tabaci honeydew and its carbohydrates on search time and parasitization of Encarsia bimaculata

Mandour

Ren

Qiu

2007

J Applied Entomology

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The search time of Encarsia bimaculata Heraty et Polaszek was examined and recorded by using filter paper discs in Petri dish arenas impregnated with Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) honeydew or its component carbohydrates. Our data show that E. bimaculata used honeydew as a contact kairomone to locate its host. Females responded quantitatively to the honeydew and the search time in the treated patches increased. This increase was concentrationdependent with regard to the amount of honeydew applied, but it levelled off 0.05 g/ml onwards. The response of E. bimaculata to honeydew decreased with increasing time after application and was significantly reduced 8 days after treatment. The parasitoid females were also arrested in patches treated with glucose, fructose, trehalulose and trehalose; trehalose elicited the highest response in the parasitoids. However, sucrose and low concentrations of melezitose did not elicit a significant effect. Glucose, sucrose, fructose, trehalose and trehalulose increased the longevity of the parasitoid females by a factor of 8.4, 8.1, 6.3, 6.1 and 4.2, respectively. Melezitose and 0.15 g/ml natural honeydew, however, had no effect on parasitoid lifespan. The effects of aqueous spray of honeydew sugars on egg to adult survivorship and parasitization of B. tabaci by E. bimaculata significantly differed when compared with controls only in cases where mixtures of glucose + fructose and trehalose and fructose + trehalose were applied.

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“…Fungal applications may be combined with augmentative releases of predators (i.e. Orius laevigatus (Down et al 2009 )) or parasitoids (Lazreg et al 2009 ), and several of these organisms can contribute significantly to B. tabaci control (Antony et al 2004 ; Bellamy et al 2004 ; Hoelmer 2007 ; Viscarret and López 2004 ; Yang and Wan 2011 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic pesticides. Part 4: Alternatives in major cropping systems

Veres

Wyckhuys

Kiss

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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We present a synthetic review and expert consultation that assesses the actual risks posed by arthropod pests in four major crops, identifies targets for integrated pest management (IPM) in terms of cultivated land needing pest control and gauges the implementation “readiness” of non-chemical alternatives. Our assessment focuses on the world’s primary target pests for neonicotinoid-based management: western corn rootworm (WCR, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera ) in maize; wireworms ( Agriotes spp.) in maize and winter wheat; bird cherry-oat aphid ( Rhopalosiphum padi ) in winter wheat; brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens ) in rice; cotton aphid ( Aphis gossypii ) and silver-leaf whitefly (SLW, Bemisia tabaci ) in cotton. First, we queried scientific literature databases and consulted experts from different countries in Europe, North America, and Asia about available IPM tools for each crop-pest system. Next, using an online survey, we quantitatively assessed the economic relevance of target pests by compiling country-level records of crop damage, yield impacts, extent of insecticide usage, and “readiness” status of various pest management alternatives (i.e., research, plot-scale validation, grower-uptake). Biological control received considerable scientific attention, while agronomic strategies (e.g., crop rotation), insurance schemes, decision support systems (DSS), and innovative pesticide application modes were listed as key alternatives. Our study identifies opportunities to advance applied research, IPM technology validation, and grower education to halt or drastically reduce our over-reliance on systemic insecticides globally. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11356-020-09279-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Development of Encarsia bimaculata (Heraty and Polaszek) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) nymphs

Cited by 21 publications

References 29 publications

Delayed development of the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and increased parasitism by Encarsia bimaculata in response to sublethal doses of piperonyl butoxide

Delayed development of the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and increased parasitism by Encarsia bimaculata in response to sublethal doses of piperonyl butoxide

Effect of Bemisia tabaci honeydew and its carbohydrates on search time and parasitization of Encarsia bimaculata

An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic pesticides. Part 4: Alternatives in major cropping systems

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