Development of effective connectivity for narrative comprehension in children

Schmithorst, Vincent J.; Holland, Scott K.; Plante, Elena

doi:10.1097/wnr.0b013e3282e9a4ef

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Narrative comprehension, a crucial skill for normal language development, refers to the understanding of the content of spoken narrative discourse. Brain regions responsible for this skill have been extensively mapped in children with normal hearing (Ahmad et al 2003;Schmithorst et al 2006Schmithorst et al , 2007Vannest et al 2009;Horowitz-Kraus et al 2013). However, there is a dearth of such studies in children with hearing loss, especially those who receive a CI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

fMRI as a Preimplant Objective Tool to Predict Postimplant Oral Language Outcomes in Children with Cochlear Implants

Deshpande

Tan

et al. 2016

Ear &Amp; Hearing

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Four brain regions related to language function and attention were identified that correlated with CELF-P2. Children with better oral language performance postimplant displayed greater activation in these regions preimplant. The results suggest that despite auditory deprivation, these regions are more receptive to gains in oral language development performance of children with hearing loss who receive early intervention via cochlear implantation. The present study suggests that oral language outcome following cochlear implant may be predicted by preimplant fMRI with auditory stimulation using natural speech.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

fMRI as a Preimplant Objective Tool to Predict Postimplant Oral Language Outcomes in Children with Cochlear Implants

Deshpande

Tan

et al. 2016

Ear &Amp; Hearing

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“…However, like the Veroude et al study, we also focused on adult learners. A study of adults, as opposed to children, allows for a view of activation changes associated with learning that is independent of the changes associated with maturation (e.g., Plante, Holland, & Schmithorst, 2006; Schmithorst, Holland, & Plante, 2007; Szaflarski, Altaye, Rajagopal, Eaton, Meng, Plante, & Holland, 2012; Szaflarski, Schmithorst, Altaye, Byars, Rett, Plante, & Holland, 2006). In children who are acquiring language, these two constructs can be difficult to dissociate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the model-free nature of ICA allows for the prospect that signal associated with different aspects of processing may diverge from an omnibus model of the hemodynamic response. Because these features of ICA tend to increase statistical power, ICA is often a more sensitive technique than the computationally-simpler GLM approach, and consequently typically reveals more regions of statistically significant activation (e.g., Karunanayaka, Schmithorst, Vannest, Szaflarski, Plante, & Holland, 2010; Schmithorst, Holland, & Plante, 2006; 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic changes in network activations characterize early learning of a natural language

et al. 2014

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Those who are initially exposed to an unfamiliar language have difficulty separating running speech into individual words, but over time will recognize both words and the grammatical structure of the language. Behavioral studies have used artificial languages to demonstrate that humans are sensitive to distributional information in language input, and can use this information to discover the structure of that language. This is done without direct instruction and learning occurs over the course of minutes rather than days or months. Moreover, learners may attend to different aspects of the language input as their own learning progresses. Here, we examine processing associated with the early stages of exposure to a natural language, using fMRI. Listeners were exposed to an unfamiliar language (Icelandic) while undergoing four consecutive fMRI scans. The Icelandic stimuli were constrained in ways known to produce rapid learning of aspects of language structure. After approximately 4 minutes of exposure to the Icelandic stimuli, participants began to differentiate between correct and incorrect sentences at above chance levels, with significant improvement between the first and last scan. An independent component analysis of the imaging data revealed four task-related components, two of which were associated with behavioral performance early in the experiment, and two with performance later in the experiment. This outcome suggests dynamic changes occur in the recruitment of neural resources even within the initial period of exposure to an unfamiliar natural language.

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“…For example, a study of narrative comprehension in children and teens (age range = 4.9 to 18.9 years) found an age-related increase in the number of questions answered correctly and fMRI-measured effective connectivity between Broca's area and the left superior temporal gyrus during task performance (Schmithorst et al, 2007). The authors measured effective connectivity with multivariate autoregressive modeling between regions of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%