“…This agrees with the XRD patterns of LTA-based MMMs drawn in Figure 5 (b), where the high loading of 20 wt. % led to a dual layer structure as in LTA Si/Al = 1 in our previous work [29] and ZIF-8 in ZIF-8/PEBAX-5233 MMMs [47]. The XRD of LTA5-PTMSP and Rho-PTMSP membranes also reveal the presence of these zeolites in the membrane matrix, because the peaks appear in the corresponding angles of the LTA5 and Rho, respectively.…”
In this work, small-pore zeolites of different topology (CHA, LTA5, Rho), all with Si/Al ratio of 5, have been added to highly permeable poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP) to increase its selectivity and thermal and mechanical stability. Membranes were characterized by TGA, XRD, SEM and CO2 and N2 single gas permeation measurements at different temperatures. TGA reveal that the thermal resistance of the membranes is as good as pure PTMSP polymer. XRD and SEM results reflect that there is good interaction between the fillers and the membrane matrix, at 5 and 10 wt. % zeolite loadings, while at 20 wt.% a dual layer stucture is formed, when Rho zeolite is the filler, because the particle size of Rho is higher than those of LTA5 or CHA, and voids appear that limit the permselectivity performance. In single gas permeation of N2 and CO2, the influence of temperature, zeolite loading and type is analyzed. The selectivity of pure PTMSP is considerably enhanced with the addition of the zeolites and the increase of temperature, and the MMM loaded with 5 wt. % zeolite surpassed the Robeson's upper bound for CO2/N2 separation, without decreasing the permeability too much. Upon increasing temperature from 298 to 333 K, the permselectivity is enhanced even further without loss of permeability. The 5 wt% loaded membranes were tested in CO2/N2 mixed gas separation experiments at 333 K and 12.5 wt. % CO2 in the feed, and the permselectivity of LTA5-and Rho-PTMSP membranes was further enhanced, compared with the single gas permeation experiments.
“…This agrees with the XRD patterns of LTA-based MMMs drawn in Figure 5 (b), where the high loading of 20 wt. % led to a dual layer structure as in LTA Si/Al = 1 in our previous work [29] and ZIF-8 in ZIF-8/PEBAX-5233 MMMs [47]. The XRD of LTA5-PTMSP and Rho-PTMSP membranes also reveal the presence of these zeolites in the membrane matrix, because the peaks appear in the corresponding angles of the LTA5 and Rho, respectively.…”
In this work, small-pore zeolites of different topology (CHA, LTA5, Rho), all with Si/Al ratio of 5, have been added to highly permeable poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP) to increase its selectivity and thermal and mechanical stability. Membranes were characterized by TGA, XRD, SEM and CO2 and N2 single gas permeation measurements at different temperatures. TGA reveal that the thermal resistance of the membranes is as good as pure PTMSP polymer. XRD and SEM results reflect that there is good interaction between the fillers and the membrane matrix, at 5 and 10 wt. % zeolite loadings, while at 20 wt.% a dual layer stucture is formed, when Rho zeolite is the filler, because the particle size of Rho is higher than those of LTA5 or CHA, and voids appear that limit the permselectivity performance. In single gas permeation of N2 and CO2, the influence of temperature, zeolite loading and type is analyzed. The selectivity of pure PTMSP is considerably enhanced with the addition of the zeolites and the increase of temperature, and the MMM loaded with 5 wt. % zeolite surpassed the Robeson's upper bound for CO2/N2 separation, without decreasing the permeability too much. Upon increasing temperature from 298 to 333 K, the permselectivity is enhanced even further without loss of permeability. The 5 wt% loaded membranes were tested in CO2/N2 mixed gas separation experiments at 333 K and 12.5 wt. % CO2 in the feed, and the permselectivity of LTA5-and Rho-PTMSP membranes was further enhanced, compared with the single gas permeation experiments.
“…Therefore, the region of optimal membrane properties for the separation of CO 2 from flue gas identified by Merkel et al [69] can be amply reached with any of the MMMs prepared in this work (10-40 wt% ZIF-94 loading). [36], (d) PMDA-ODA/HKUST-1 [64], (e) 6FDA-DAM:DABA 4:1 /ZIF-8 [22], (f) Pebax®/ZIF-8 [26], (g) 6FDA-durene/ZIF-8 [24], (h) PDMS/CPO-27(Mg) [36], (i) 6FDA-durene/ZIF-8 [23], (j) PDMS/HKUST-1 [65], (k) 6FDA-4MPD/[Zn 2 (bdc) 2 (dabco)]·4DMF·0.5H 2 O [66], (l) PDMS/[Zn 2 (bdc) 2 (dabco)]· 4DMF·0.5H 2 O [66], (m) 6FDA-durene/ZIF-71 [25] and (n) PIM-1/ZIF-8 [67]. Separation performance of 6FDA-DAM MMMs reported in literature is represented by △ [59] and □ [36].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…ZIF-8 filler and Pebax 2533 polymer matrix was used by Nafisi et al [26] to prepare self-supported dual layer mixed matrix membranes. CO 2 permeability was increased by 3.6 times by the addition of 35 wt% ZIF-8, while a slight decrease on CO 2 /N 2 selectivity was observed.…”
A R T I C L E I N F O
Keywords:Metal organic frameworks ZIF-94 Mixed matrix membrane CO 2 capture A B S T R A C T Carbon capture and storage (CCS) using membranes for the separation of CO 2 holds great promise for the reduction of atmospheric CO 2 emissions from fuel combustion and industrial processes. Among the different process outlines, post-combustion CO 2 capture could be easily implemented in existing power plants. However, for this technology to become viable, new membrane materials have to be developed. In this article we present the development of high performance mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) composed of ZIF-94 filler and 6FDA-DAM polymer matrix. The CO 2 /N 2 separation performance was evaluated by mixed gas tests (15CO 2 :85N 2 ) at 25°C and 1-4 bar transmembrane pressure difference. The CO 2 membrane permeability was increased by the addition of the ZIF-94 particles, maintaining a constant CO 2 /N 2 selectivity of~22. The largest increase in CO 2 permeability of~200% was observed for 40 wt% ZIF-94 loading, reaching the highest permeability (2310 Barrer) at similar selectivity among 6FDA-DAM MMMs reported in literature. For the first time, the ZIF-94 metal organic framework crystals with particle size smaller than 500 nm were synthesized using nonhazardous solvent (tetrahydrofuran and methanol) instead of dimethylformamide (DMF) in a scalable process. Membranes were characterized by three non-invasive image techniques, i.e. SEM, AFM and nanoscale infrared imaging by scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). The combination of these techniques demonstrates a very good dispersion and interaction of the filler in the polymer layer, even at very high loadings.
“…Furthermore, when high molecular weight polyethyleneimine (PEI) is employed the volatilization and/or decomposition are expected to be minimal because of the relatively high melting temperature of such a high molecular weight material. Many other solid sorbents, e.g., activated carbons [21][22][23][24], zeolites [25,26], activated alumina [27][28][29], and membranes [30] have also been tested. Activated carbon showed great sorption capacity, however limited to use at lower temperatures and high pressures [31,32].…”
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