Development of drought severity–duration–frequency curves for identifying drought proneness in semi-arid regions

Pandya, P. A.; Gontia, Narendra Kumar

doi:10.2166/wcc.2023.438

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The average temperature of Ningxia ranges from -10°C to 25°C. The region falls within the North Temperate Zone with a continental monsoon climate, and its capital city is Yinchuan (Pandya et al, 2023). The Yellow River flows through Ningxia.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Drought Assessment in Ningxia Autonomous Region: A Machine Learning and Remote Sensing Approach

Awais,

Zaheen,

Fatima

et al. 2024

ABBDM

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Drought represents a significant disaster that directly impacts the economic and ecological welfare of any nation it afflicts. This study focused on the climatic anomalies of drought over the Ningxia Hui autonomous region in northwest China over the last two decades. The study employed an in-depth machine learning model, which incorporated drought indices, thus leading to a data-informed analysis of Ningxia drought patterns. The study accomplished this by using MODIS satellite data products available for vegetation and moisture monitoring. The MOD09GA, MOD11A2, and MCD43A4 data streams were loaded into Google Earth Engine as factors to develop a time-series dataset of vegetation indices. Indices are Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), and Land Surface Temperature (LST) measurements are taken into account. Data on temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration was compiled for the period from 2003 to 2023 and calculated standardized indices on pixel level for the whole Ningxia region to develop the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI), and Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index ( The study results indicated that SPI fell significantly from the year 2003 to 2023, from 0.7 to -0.3. The SPEI plummeted from 0.5 to -0.2 during the observed time frame. KBDI also went up, through 581.33 in 2003 and 681.091 in 2023, showing deterioration of aridity and drying of the soil. The conclusion of this study focuses on the deterioration of drought conditions in the Ningxia region in the last 20 years.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Drought Assessment in Ningxia Autonomous Region: A Machine Learning and Remote Sensing Approach

Awais,

Zaheen,

Fatima

et al. 2024

ABBDM

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“…The climate is subtropical and semi-arid, with an average annual rainfall of 945 mm and an average annual pan evaporation of 5.6 mm/day. It is characterized by hot and dry summers, fairly cold and dry winters, and moderate humidity throughout the year (Pandya et al, 2022;Pandya and Gontia, 2023;Rank et al, 2023). The region of the study primarily relies on groundwater as the main source of irrigation water in winter and summer seasons (Patel et al, 2014).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Crop Yield and Water Use Efficiency: A Study on Canopy Air Temperature Difference-Based Drip Irrigation Scheduling in a Semi-Arid Region of Western India

Patel,

Rank,

Vekariya

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study addresses efficient water usage in wheat cultivation in a semi-arid region of India with clay loam soil and an increasing water supply-demand gap. It focuses on optimizing drip irrigation (DI) scheduling, of wheat crops, based on canopy air temperature difference (CATD) using the crop water stress index (CWSI). The field experiments were conducted for two winter seasons, employing high-discharge drip irrigation (DI) on wheat crop (variety - GW 366) at Junagadh Agricultural University (JAU), Gujarat, India. The experiment had nine treatments, each replicated three times in randomized blocks. The DI treatments labeled as T1 to T6, were irrigated at CATD values of -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, and 1 °C, respectively.. While T7 were irrigated by border irrigation. In order to define upper and lower baselines of CWSI, well watered treatments (T8) and extreme dry treatment (T9) DI were considered. The drip irrigation system (DIS) had an application rate of 7.78 mm/h with a uniformity coefficient of 90.40%. Compared to surface irrigation, DI resulted in water savings ranging from 3.52% (T1) to 43.24% (T6). Using real-time CATD data, the theoretical CWSI (CWSITh) and the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) based semi-empirical CWSI (CWSIVPD) were calculated as 0.3351 and 0.3668, respectively. CATD values showed significant variation in CWSI across treatments. The CWSI demonstrated sensitivity to water stress during critical growth stages. The study identified an optimal CATD of -1 °C, yielding 36.48% higher crop yield (4744 kg/ha), 30.23% water savings (388.42 mm), and notable 95.67% more water use efficiency (12.21 kg/ha-mm,), surpassing the outcomes of border irrigation (3476 kg/ha, 556.74 mm and 6.24 kg/ha-mm). These findings hold significant implications for farmers and policymakers, effectively addressing food and water security concerns. The study underscores the efficiency of DI combined with CATD-based irrigation scheduling in optimizing wheat crop performance. In the context of critical water management, this research provides essential insights for sustainable agricultural practices.

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“…Additionally, Raposo et al (2023) proposed two frequently employed methods based on the run theory to characterize drought and investigate their development and recovery stages [10]. In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the significance of probabilistic drought characterization, particularly in regions with limited water resources [11][12][13]. Aksoy et al (2021) introduced the concept of critical drought intensity-duration-frequency curves, which define drought in terms of return period, rather than relying solely on index-based intensity measures [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Flash Drought and Traditional Drought on Characteristics and Driving Forces in Xinjiang

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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In the context of climate warming, flash drought has become increasingly frequent, posing significant threats to agriculture, ecosystems, and the environment. Xinjiang, located in an arid and semi-arid region, necessitates a thorough investigation into the distinctions between flash drought and traditional drought, as well as an exploration of the driving forces behind both types of drought. In this study, soil moisture data from ERA5-Land were utilized to construct a framework for the identification of flash drought and traditional drought based on historical events. The Geodetector was employed to explore the factors that influence the spatial heterogeneity of these two drought forms. The findings illuminate that (1) in terms of spatial distribution, traditional drought predominated in southern Xinjiang, while flash drought exhibited greater prominence in northern Xinjiang. (2) Regarding changes in trends, both flash drought and traditional drought exhibited an increasing trend in frequency since the 1990s, with the frequency trend of flash drought passing the significance test (α ≤ 0.05). Additionally, the severity of both flash drought and traditional drought displayed a noteworthy and statistically significant increase within sliding windows ranging from 46 to 62 years. (3) Concerning the driving forces, precipitation emerged as the principal driving force behind both flash drought and traditional drought. Furthermore, human activities exerted a more substantial influence on traditional drought, and the interactions involving human activities had the potential to significantly amplify the explanatory power of the spatial heterogeneity for both drought types. (4) In terms of the drought risk, a notable variation in the risk of flash drought was observed across various ecological zones, with the highest risk occurring in mildly fragile ecological zones. Furthermore, when comparing the results from 1995 to 2019, the flash drought risk exhibited a marked increase in severely fragile ecological zones. This study enriches the understanding of the dynamics of flash drought and traditional drought in Xinjiang and carries important implications for enhancing the precision of drought monitoring and early warning systems.

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Development of drought severity–duration–frequency curves for identifying drought proneness in semi-arid regions

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Spatiotemporal Drought Assessment in Ningxia Autonomous Region: A Machine Learning and Remote Sensing Approach

Spatiotemporal Drought Assessment in Ningxia Autonomous Region: A Machine Learning and Remote Sensing Approach

Enhancing Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Crop Yield and Water Use Efficiency: A Study on Canopy Air Temperature Difference-Based Drip Irrigation Scheduling in a Semi-Arid Region of Western India

Comparison of Flash Drought and Traditional Drought on Characteristics and Driving Forces in Xinjiang

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