“…For decades, TKM experts have attempted to standardize various TKM diagnostic methods through clinical trials. [4][5][6] As a result, validated tools such as questionnaires for Qi stagnation 4 and yin-deficiency, 5 tongue diagnostic device, 6 iridology, 7 and pulse diagnostic classification 8 were developed. However, standardization and quantification of AE have not been performed before.…”