Development of cortical polarity in mouse eggs: Involvement of the meiotic apparatus

Longo, Frank J.; Chen, Da‐Yuan

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(85)90320-3

Cited by 307 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Actin inhibitors cause meiotic spindles to form in a central location [11,26]. LatB is expected to affect oocyte cortical actin which plays a role in asymmetric cytokinesis [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The classical studies of Longo and Chen first implicated actin in spindle positioning and asymmetric cytokinesis during polar body extrusion in mice [26]. Alexandre and colleagues [4] later showed that the tendency of the mouse oocyte GV to assume a central position was due to an actinbased contraction normally held in check by what they termed a "centrifugal displacement property" (CDP) effected by a cortical microtubule complex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intact COCs were cultured in IVMb or IVM+medium containing 0.6 µM (LatB). We first asked whether LatB-induced TZP severing would affect GV and spindle positioning as shown previously in mouse oocytes treated with cytochalasin B [26,49]. We also wanted to know whether TZP disruption was reversible, and if so, would spindles reposition and reattach to the oocyte cortex after LatB removal from culture medium.…”

Section: Actin Regulates Tzp Integrity and Gv Positioningmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Cumulus cell contact during oocyte maturation in mice regulates meiotic spindle positioning and enhances developmental competence

Barrett

Albertini

2009

J Assist Reprod Genet

105

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Purpose To investigate the role of cumulus cell contact during oocyte maturation on meiotic spindle assembly and the acquisition of developmental competence. Methods Cumulus oocyte complexes isolated from mouse ovaries subjected to in vitro or in vivo maturation were analyzed by confocal microscopy with respect to oocyte somatic cell contacts and for their ability to develop after parthenogenic activation during embryo culture. Results Cell contact is maintained during maturation in vivo, predisposing oocytes to cortical meiotic spindle assembly and developmental competence acquisition. In contrast, oocytes matured in vitro lose cell contact coincident with central meiotic spindle assembly that results in cleavage delays upon egg activation and failure to form blastocysts. Experimental disruption of cell contact by the actin-depolymerizing agent latrunculin B results in the formation of enlarged meiotic spindles with dispersed chromosomes unlike the compact ordering of chromosomes observed on spindles formed after in vivo maturation, suggesting a link between cell contact and the acquisition of developmental competence. Conclusions Somatic cell contact optimizes oocyte quality during meiotic maturation by regulating the spatial organization and function of the meiotic spindle through actindependent mechanisms that enhance development.

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“…Actin inhibitors cause meiotic spindles to form in a central location [11,26]. LatB is expected to affect oocyte cortical actin which plays a role in asymmetric cytokinesis [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Actin Regulates Tzp Integrity and Gv Positioningmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Cumulus cell contact during oocyte maturation in mice regulates meiotic spindle positioning and enhances developmental competence

Barrett

Albertini

2009

J Assist Reprod Genet

105

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“…The presence of an actin-rich plaque covering the meiotic spindle appears to be a common feature of animal cortices [30][31][32]. In wild-type oocytes, the actin-rich cortical domain appears progressively, concomitant with spindle migration [33,34]. In mos -/-oocytes [14], signs of cortical polarization are present only at anaphase and no obvious actin-rich region is found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of MEK inhibitor U0126 on meiotic progression in mouse oocytes: microtuble organization, asymmetric division and metaphase II arrest

et al. 2003

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In this study we used U0126, a potent and specific inhibitor of MEK, to study the roles of MEK/ERK/p90 rsk signaling pathway in the meiotic cell cycle of mouse oocytes. The phosphorylation of MAP kinase and p90 rsk in the oocytes treated with 1.5 M U0126 was the same as that in oocytes cultured in drug-free medium. With 1.5 M U0126 treatment, the spindles appeared normal as they formed in oocytes, but failed to maintain its structure. Instead, the spindle lost one pole or elongated extraordinarily. After further culture, some oocytes extruded gigantic polar bodies (>30 m) that later divided into two small ones. Some oocytes underwent symmetric division and produced two equal-size daughter cells in which normal spindles formed. In oocytes with different division patterns, MAP kinase was normally phosphorylated. When the concentration of U0126 was increased to 15 M, the phosphorylation of both MAPK and p90 rsk were inhibited, while symmetric division was decreased. When incubating in medium containing 15 M U0126 for 14 h, oocytes were activated, but part of them failed to emit polar bodies. MII oocytes were also activated by 15 M U0126, at the same time the dephosphorylation of MAP kinase and p90 rsk was observed. Our results indicate that 1) MEK plays important but not indispensable roles in microtubule organization; 2) MEK keeps normal meiotic spindle morphology, targets peripheral spindle positioning and regulates asymmetric division by activating some unknown substrates other than MAP kinase /p90 rsk ; and 3) activation of MEK/ERK/p90 rsk cascade maintains MII arrest in mouse oocytes.

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“…In meiosis I (MI), the spindle is initially assembled in the center of the oocyte, at least when the oocyte is allowed to mature in vitro and then migrates to the cortex along its long axis [Longo and Chen, 1985;Maro and Verlhac, 2002], whereas in meiosis II (MII), the spindle forms beneath the cortex and maintains its asymmetric position during metaphase II arrest [Maro et al, 1984;Maro and Verlhac, 2002] (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actin cytoskeleton in cell polarity and asymmetric division during mouse oocyte maturation

2012

Cytoskeleton

102

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Mammalian oocyte maturation involves two successive rounds of extremely asymmetric cell divisions (known as polar body extrusion) to generate a functional haploid egg. Successful polar body extrusion relies on establishment of an asymmetric spindle position and cortical polarity. Decades of studies using mouse oocytes as a model have revealed critical roles for a dynamic actin cytoskeleton in this process. Here, we review the contribution of actin to the critical events during oocyte meiotic cell divisions with an emphasis on recent advances in understanding the underlying molecular and physical mechanisms. V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

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Development of cortical polarity in mouse eggs: Involvement of the meiotic apparatus

Cited by 307 publications

References 32 publications

Cumulus cell contact during oocyte maturation in mice regulates meiotic spindle positioning and enhances developmental competence

Cumulus cell contact during oocyte maturation in mice regulates meiotic spindle positioning and enhances developmental competence

Effects of MEK inhibitor U0126 on meiotic progression in mouse oocytes: microtuble organization, asymmetric division and metaphase II arrest

Actin cytoskeleton in cell polarity and asymmetric division during mouse oocyte maturation

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