Development of cooking sector in rural areas in India—A review

Bansal, Mona; Saini, R.P.; Khatod, Dheeraj Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.09.014

Cited by 117 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In general, the urban domains of India, being hot spots of human population, have huge domestic sector. Unlike the major cities of the United States and the European Union, the commonly used fuel for the household domestic activities in Indian cities is LPG (D'Sa and Murthy, 2004;Bansal et al, 2013) and thus it results in significant amount of CO 2 emissions from domestic sector. Chennai city is reported to have a population of 4.7 million with a population density of more than 26,000 persons/sq.km, as per 2011 census (Census of India (2011)) and hence results in higher CO 2 emissions from the domestic sector of Chennai city.…”

Section: Correlation Between Co 2 With No 2 Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of ground level CO2 concentrations over contrasting land uses in a tropical urban environment

Kumar

Nagendra

2015

Atmospheric Environment

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Section: Correlation Between Co 2 With No 2 Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of ground level CO2 concentrations over contrasting land uses in a tropical urban environment

Kumar

Nagendra

2015

Atmospheric Environment

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“…However, there is still a very large gap between urban and rural energy consumption, including energy consumption quantity, energy structure, end-use devices, and usage patterns [3][4][5]. In rural areas, energy poverty is an important problem that needs to be solved urgently due to its adverse effects on human health and the environment [6], particularly in developing countries [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Fuel Choice in Rural Areas: Field Research of Two Counties of North China

Hou

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Solid fuels are still widely used in rural China though the living standard has improved greatly. Energy poverty is an obvious indicator of poverty, which has serious effects on economic development, environment, and health. In this paper, we conducted a detailed analysis on fuel choice and usage behavior of different end-use activities in rural residential energy consumption. Using 717 household observations from micro-survey data in two counties of Shandong and Hebei province in 2016, we find that biomass is the dominant fuel used for cooking among all energy sources despite of obvious decreasing trend in recent years, accounting for 44%. Clean energy used to cook increased markedly with a proportion of nearly 50%. Solar energy is an ordinary fuel used for water heating except for biomass. Almost 90% of households rely on coal for space heating in winter, and one-third of households have space heating for fewer than two months. Ownership of home appliances for basic needs is higher than that for hedonistic needs, and usage behaviors of some appliances are economical. Fuel accessibility of commercial energy have improved noticeably in rural areas, and the high proportion usage of biomass is affected by family income, usage habits, local resources, environmental recognition, education, and age. Since the negative effects of using solid fuels, it is urgent to cleanse biomass, develop new energy, and improve residents' cognition about the consequences of using solid fuels.

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“…Though some governmental programs have achieved significant scale of dissemination it often has not resulted in long-term uptake of the technology as in the case of the Indian National Program for Improved Chulas 2 (NPIC; Kishore and Ramana, 2002;Hanbar and Karve, 2002). Dissemination challenges for NGOs were related to inappropriate choice of technology which did not fit users' needs, limits in scale and funding, lack of infrastructure to provide after-sale services such as maintenance and replacement options, and neglect to create the necessary awareness to generate end user value for the new technologies (Bansal et al, 2013). Furthermore the promised benefits of such new and "improved" technologies, in practice often fell short.…”

Section: Challenges In Disseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%