Development of CFRP mirrors for low-temperature application of satellite telescopes

Utsunomiya, Shin; Kamiya, Tomohiro; Shimizu, Ryuzo

doi:10.1117/12.926133

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Recently, space applications have been developed using CFRP as structural elements of satellites and as the body of space telescopes. 8 CFRP has a low specific weight of ∼1:7, which is 0.6 times that of aluminum. The coefficient of elasticity of CFRP is seven times higher than that of aluminum, while the coefficient of thermal expansion is two orders lower than that of aluminum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of the moisture absorption of thin carbon fiber reinforced plastic substrates for x-ray mirrors

Sugita

Awaki

Kurihara

et al. 2015

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst

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Abstract. We study a lightweight x-ray mirror with a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) substrate for nextgeneration x-ray satellites. For tightly nested x-ray mirrors, such as those on the Suzaku and ASTRO-H telescopes, CFRP is the suitable substrate material because it has a higher strength-to-weight ratio and forming flexibility than those of metals. In flat CFRP substrate fabrication, the surface waviness has a root mean square (RMS) of ∼1 μm in the best products. The RMS approximately reaches a value consistent with the RMS of the mold used for the forming. We study the effect of moisture absorption using accelerated aging tests in three environments. The diffusivity of the CFRP substrate at 60°C and at relative humidity of 100% is ∼9:7 × 10 −4 mm 2 · h −1 , and the acceleration rate to the laboratory environment was 180 times higher. We also develop co-curing functional sheets with low water-vapor transmissivity on the CFRP substrate. Co-curing the sheets successfully reduced the moisture absorption rate by 440 times compared to the un-co-cured substrate. Details of the CFRP substrate fabrication and moisture absorption tests are also reported. © The Authors.Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of the moisture absorption of thin carbon fiber reinforced plastic substrates for x-ray mirrors

Sugita

Awaki

Kurihara

et al. 2015

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst

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“…CFRP is widely used in key load-bearing components of spacecraft such as manned space engineering, lunar exploration engineering, and deep space exploration due to their advantages of high specific strength, large specific modulus, high impact resistance, and a small coefficient of thermal expansion [1][2][3][4][5][6]. However, CFRP has the disadvantages of unevenness, anisotropy, and poor bond strength between material layers, which make it prone to fiber burrs, tearing, stratification and other defects in processing, and its process has serious tool wear, low processing efficiency, poor surface quality of workpiece, and expensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Trimming and Performance Analysis of Mill-grinding Tools for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics

Liu

Yao²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are widely used in the aeronautic aerospace and manufacturing industries due to their excellent performance. However, Due to the structural characteristics of CFRP, its processing efficiency is low, the surface quality is poor, and it is easy to cause tool wear. In this study, the effect of tool type (conventional milling tool, rhombus tooth milling tool, electroplating mill-grinding tool, slotted mill-grinding tool, laser trimmed milling-grinding tool) and processing parameters (spindle speed, feeding speed, radial cutting depth) on tool life, processing quality and accuracy was systematically studied. The cutting force of the three types of electroplated diamond mill-grinding tools and the surface roughness of the processed CFRP are smaller than that of the conventional milling tool, and larger than that of the rhombus tooth milling tool. The main cutting and radial force of the trimming mill-grinding tool is 9.5 N, 1.26 N, respectively. The surface roughness is about 2.524 µm. Due to the laser trimmed mill-grinding tool has neat and sharp edges which can shear carbon fiber effectively, there is no obvious burrs on the processed CFRP. Moreover, the processed surface roughness was significantly reduced, and only slight wear of the tool was occurred. More importantly, since the processing debris can easily flow out of the straight groove of the laser trimmed mill-grinding tool, resulting in a sharp edge of the tool, which would reduce the cutting force. The overall processing performance of the laser trimmed mill-grinding tool is close to that of CFRP special tool (rhombus tooth milling tool), but its price is about one-fiftenth that of special tools. Therefore, the electroplated diamond milling tool with improved structure and optimized processing parameters can be an ideal tool for mill-grinding CFRP.

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“…The replacement of traditional materials (silicon carbide, metals, and ceramics) by lightweight materials is mandatory for the reduction of the launching costs, turning space missions faster and cheaper [1,[3][4][5][6][7]. Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) are promising candidates for replacing heavy traditional materials, as they reduce the final weight of the entire mirror and at the same time have low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), high stiffness, and thermal stability [1,7,8]. The fiber print-through effect is one of the main problems about using the CFRP in optical mirror, which contributes to the reduction of mirror smoothness and accuracy [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotube Layer for Reduction of Fiber Print-Through in Carbon Fiber Composites

Guedes

Martins

Märtins³

et al. 2019

Advances in Polymer Technology

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Fiber print-through effect is a limitation to the use of carbon fiber-reinforced composites in space applications, namely, mirror telescopes. Replica method is used for the production of lightweight telescope mirrors. However, this method requires a polished mandrel, increasing considerably the final cost. In this work, we report a cheaper and simpler alternative production method, which consists in the addition of a carbon nanotube filled epoxy resin layer on the surface of carbon reinforced composites, in order to reduce fiber print-through of the materials. The influence of different carbon nanotube functionalizations, concentrations, and dispersion levels are also assessed. The surface properties are evaluated by interferometry (roughness and waviness) and scanning electron microscopy (morphology). The results show that the waviness, roughness, and consequently fiber print-though are considerably reduced with the addition of a thin layer of nonfunctionalized carbon nanotubes.

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Development of CFRP mirrors for low-temperature application of satellite telescopes

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Studies of the moisture absorption of thin carbon fiber reinforced plastic substrates for x-ray mirrors

Studies of the moisture absorption of thin carbon fiber reinforced plastic substrates for x-ray mirrors

Laser Trimming and Performance Analysis of Mill-grinding Tools for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics

Carbon Nanotube Layer for Reduction of Fiber Print-Through in Carbon Fiber Composites

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