Development of Cell-Specific Aptamers: Recent Advances and Insight into the Selection Procedures

Rahimizadeh, Kamal; AlShamaileh, Hadi; Fratini, Milena; Chakravarthy, Madhuri; Stephen, Michelle; Shigdar, Sarah; Veedu, Rakesh N.

doi:10.3390/molecules22122070

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Aptamers have several advantages over antibodies in precision medicine, including higher stability, superb tissue penetration, minimal toxicity, and devoid of immunogenicity . From the translational research point of view, the key advantages of aptamers are their scalability and lack of batch‐to‐batch variations in pharmaceutical production, as they are chemically synthesized without the involvement of neither animals nor cultured cells . The present Research News will highlight recent advances in targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to disease sites in vivo using aptamers and exosomes at the nanostructure level, with perspectives on key challenges and opportunities in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes and Nanoengineering: A Match Made for Precision Therapeutics

et al. 2019

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Intense efforts from both scientists and physicians across Australia have been devoted onward advancing studies to fill the gap in understanding the biology and pathogenesis underlying cancer development. Exosomes are membrane-bound bio-nanoparticles secreted or released by most cells into the extracellular space. There has been an increasing interest in such bio-nanoparticles over the past 10 years, evident from the publication number of only 324 papers in 2006 to a massive increase to 4603 publications in 2018 with the search term "exosome" based on title/abstract in PubMed. Among these studies, 151 articles published from 2007 to 2018 are from Australian institutions, with 33 papers published in 2018. Such a strong surge of interest is due to discoveries that exosomes play key roles in intercellular and intertissue communication mediated by virtue of cargos contained inside the membrane-confined space. Furthermore, exosome cargos, including proteins, mRNAs and miRNAs, are linked to the Targeted exosomal delivery systems for precision nanomedicine attract wide interest across areas of molecular cell biology, pharmaceutical sciences, and nanoengineering. Exosomes are naturally derived 50-150 nm nanovesicles that play important roles in cell-to-cell and/or cell-to-tissue communications and cross-species communication. Exosomes are also a promising class of novel drug delivery vehicles owing to their ability to shield their payload from chemical and enzymatic degradations as well as to evade recognition by and subsequent removal by the immune system. Combined with a new class of affinity ligands known as aptamers or chemical antibodies, molecularly targeted exosomes are poised to become the next generation of smartly engineered nanovesicles for precision medicine. Here, recent advances in targeted exosomal delivery systems engineered by aptamer for future strategies to promote human health using this class of human-derived nanovesicles are summarized.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes and Nanoengineering: A Match Made for Precision Therapeutics

et al. 2019

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“…Additionally, their stability makes aptamers superior to antibodies for detecting biomarkers, which is useful in the fight against cancer [20]. However, the SELEX process of aptamers is labourious and time-consuming, and the optimization of various steps in Cell-SELEX procedures is difficult to ensure [13]. In this study, we have found an existing aptamer, R13, that targets ovarian cancer cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Aptamers are short, single-strand oligo(deoxy)nucleotides that fold into distinct tertiary structures and can be screened from a 10 10 random single chain oligonucleotide (ssDNA or RNA) library and chemically synthesized by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) [13][14]. Aptamers bind to various target molecules, such as cells, viruses, proteins, and bacteria with high specificity [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a DNA Aptamer for Ovarian Cancer Clinical Tissue Recognition and in Vivo Imaging

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Backgrounds/Aims: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecologic malignancy and is difficult to detect early. The inefficient early diagnosis of ovarian cancer is the main contributor to its high mortality rate. Aptamers, as chemical antibodies, are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that target cells or molecules with high affinity. Methods: Binding ability of R13 was measured by flow cytometry analysis. Stability of R13 was tested in blood serum of an ovarian cancer patient. Internalization of R13 was verified by confocal microscope imaging. 80 cases ovarian cancer tissues, 10 cases normal ovary tissues in a microarray and 6 fallopian tube tissues were prepared for this study. R13’s target ability was further confirmed in vivo tumor models in NOD/SCID mice. Results: In this study, we found aptamer R13 bound to ovarian cancer cells with dissociation constants in the nanomolar range. Moreover, these results were further confirmed by tissue imaging. Next we demonstrated that the targets of R13 are membrane proteins and that its internalization occurs in a caveolae-mediated and clathrin-mediated manner. The target function of R13 was determined by imaging A2780 tumours in mouse models. Conclusion: These findings suggest that R13 is a promising novel tool to diagnose and deliver drugs to treat ovarian cancer.

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“…Recently, aptamers have been exploited as molecular probes in various types of bioassays due to their high specificity, low cost, thermal stability, and ease of modification (Huang et al, 2015 ; Wen et al, 2015 ; Rahimizadeh et al, 2017 ). Aptamers are synthetic single-strand oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) which bind to specific target molecules with high affinity (Robertson and Joyce, 1990 ; Tuerk and Gold, 1990 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Crystal Based Binding Assay for Detecting HIV-1 Surface Glycoprotein

et al. 2021

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Surface protein gp-120 of HIV-1 virus plays an important role in the infection of HIV-1, but detection of gp-120 during the early stage of infection is very difficult. Herein, we report a binding bioassay based on an RNA aptamer B40t77, which binds specifically to gp-120. The bioassay is built upon a hydrophobic glass slide with surface immobilized gp-120. When the glass surface is incubated in a solution containing B40t77, the aptamer is able to bind to gp-120 specifically and remove it from the surface after a short incubation time of 30 min. The result of the binding event can be amplified by using liquid crystal (LC) into optical signals in the final step. By using this bioassay, we are able to detect as low as 1 μg/ml of gp-120 with high specificity within 30 min. No response is obtained when gp-120 is replaced by other protein such as bovine serum albumin (BSA). This is the first qualitative bioassay which provides a simple way for the detection of gp-120 with the naked eye. The assay is robust, low-cost and does not require additional labeling. Thus, the bioassay is potentially useful for the early detection of HIV-1 in resources-limited regions.

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Development of Cell-Specific Aptamers: Recent Advances and Insight into the Selection Procedures

Cited by 38 publications

References 72 publications

Exosomes and Nanoengineering: A Match Made for Precision Therapeutics

Exosomes and Nanoengineering: A Match Made for Precision Therapeutics

Characterization of a DNA Aptamer for Ovarian Cancer Clinical Tissue Recognition and in Vivo Imaging

Liquid Crystal Based Binding Assay for Detecting HIV-1 Surface Glycoprotein

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