Development of Carcass Shape in Pekin and Muscovy Ducks

Swatland, H. J.

doi:10.3382/ps.0591773

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…A posthatching increase in b was also reported for ight muscles in Black ducks (Reinecke, 1979), geese (Lilja, 1981) and Passeriform species (Ricklefs, 1975;Austin and Ricklefs, 1977;Lilja, 1982b). While investigating Pekins and Muscovies, Swatland (1980a) only applied simple allometries and obtained strong positive values. In the more uniformly growing Galliform species, there is no increase in the value of b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Muscle growth in wild and domestic ducks

Gille¹,

Salomon²

1998

British Poultry Science

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1. Increases in weight of the M. pectoralis, M. iliotibialis lateralis and M. flexor cruris lateralis were measured in mallards, White Pekins, Muscovies and a Muscovy x White Pekin cross from hatching to 154 days of age. Growth with respect to age was analysed using the Janoschek growth curve. 2. The M. pectoralis was less developed at hatching than both leg muscles. Furthermore, it showed a slower growth to its final weight and a later age at maximum growth than both leg muscles. 3. Pekins exhibited a faster Pectoralis and Iliotibialis lateralis muscle growth than mallards and Muscovies. The latter attained greater weights than Pekins at later ages owing to a higher asymptote. The cross showed the fastest muscle growth. 4. With respect to body weight, the Pectoralis is characterised by isometry followed by strongly positive allometry. This multiphasic allometry implies that relative muscle weights should not be used and the value of the allometric exponent strongly depends on both the beginning and duration of the period of investigation. Leg muscles showed isometric to slightly negative, simple allometry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Muscle growth in wild and domestic ducks

Gille¹,

Salomon²

1998

British Poultry Science

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“…Changes in flight habits might not have been similar between the wild and domestic forms of mallard and Muscovy ducks While some populations of wild mallard ducks are migratory ( Bellerose & Crompton, 1970 ; Bird Life International, 2019 ), their domestic variants rarely fly as much and many breeds lack flight capacity entirely ( Smith, Pederson & Kaminski, 1989 ). Domestic Muscovy ducks, on the other hand, although non-migratory birds ( Accordi & Barcellos, 2006 ), have been reported to be strong flyers ( Swatland, 1980 ), suggesting that their flight habits might not have changed so markedly in domestication as to produce a different morphology. Alternatively, and related to the allometric scaling relationships considered above, it is noteworthy that in contrast to the other two species, limb bones of the forelimb were found to consistently scale isometrically in the Muscovy duck and body sizes were similar in the wild and the domestic groups ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This change due to domestication has been attributed to a gain in weight and reduction in the proportional wing length ( Darwin, 1868 ; Cnotka, 2006 ). Muscovy ducks ( Cairina moschata ) are non-migratory birds ( Bird Life International, 2018 ), but even the domestic forms retain their flight ability ( Swatland, 1980 ). Unlike the case of differences in wing length between domestic and wild mallard ducks, finding osteological differences between domestic and wild Muscovy ducks has proven more difficult ( Angulo, 1998 ; Stahl, Muse & Delgado-Espinoza, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal variation in bird domestication: limb proportions and sternum in chicken, with comparisons to mallard ducks and Muscovy ducks

Herrera-Castillo

Geiger

Núñez-León

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background Domestication, including selective breeding, can lead to morphological changes of biomechanical relevance. In birds, limb proportions and sternum characteristics are of great importance and have been studied in the past for their relation with flight, terrestrial locomotion and animal welfare. In this work we studied the effects of domestication and breed formation in limb proportions and sternum characteristics in chicken (Gallus gallus), mallard ducks (Anas plathyrhynchos) and Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata). Methods First, we quantified the proportional length of three long bones of the forelimb (humerus, radius, and carpometacarpus) and the hind limb (femur, tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus) in domestic chickens, mallard ducks, and Muscovy ducks and their wild counterparts. For this, we took linear measurements of these bones and compared their proportions in the wild vs. the domestic group in each species. In chicken, these comparisons could also be conducted among different breeds. We then evaluated the proportional differences in the context of static and ontogenetic allometry. Further, we compared discrete sternum characteristics in red jungle fowl and chicken breeds. In total, we examined limb bones of 287 specimens and keel bones of 63 specimens. Results We found a lack of significant change in the proportions of limb bones of chicken and Muscovy duck due to domestication, but significant differences in the case of mallard ducks. Variation of evolvability, allometric scaling, and heterochrony may serve to describe some of the patterns of change we report. Flight capacity loss in mallard ducks resulting from domestication may have a relation with the difference in limb proportions. The lack of variation in proportions that could distinguish domestic from wild forms of chicken and Muscovy ducks may reflect no selection for flight capacity during the domestication process in these groups. In chicken, some of the differences identified in the traits discussed are breed-dependent. The study of the sternum revealed that the condition of crooked keel was not unique to domestic chicken, that some sternal characteristics were more frequent in certain chicken breeds than in others, and that overall there were no keel characteristics that are unique for certain chicken breeds. Despite some similar morphological changes identified across species, this study highlights the lack of universal patterns in domestication and breed formation.

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“…Prior to killing, the following breast measurements were taken: breast circumference 'heart girth', breast width, keel length and shank length 'tarsometatarsus' as already described by Swatland [23]. The [17].…”

Section: Traits Consideredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of shared variability in meat weight distribution and conformation in Pekin ducklings

Shahin¹

1999

Ann. Zootech.

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-A factor analysis with a varimax rotation was applied to ten highly intercorrelated carcass meatiness and conformation traits on 96 Pekin ducks to disclose the main sources of shared variability, deduce the factors that describe meat distribution and conformation and predict total carcass meat from orthogonal meatiness and conformation traits. Meat weight distribution and conformation appeared to be controlled by common and unique factors. The communalties for meatiness traits ranged from 0.542 for neck meat to 0.870 for breast meat and those for conformation traits ranged from 0.555 for breast width to 0.717 for shank length and the uniqueness (special size factors) made the balance. Findings indicated that most of the common variability (68.4 %) in meat weight distribution and conformation could be accounted for by factors representing breast, length and wing meat factors. The first and third independent meatiness and conformation traits derived from factor analysis accounted for 73.

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Development of Carcass Shape in Pekin and Muscovy Ducks

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Muscle growth in wild and domestic ducks

Muscle growth in wild and domestic ducks

Skeletal variation in bird domestication: limb proportions and sternum in chicken, with comparisons to mallard ducks and Muscovy ducks

Sources of shared variability in meat weight distribution and conformation in Pekin ducklings

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