Development of carbon nanotube based biosensor fabrication for medical diagnostics application

A novel l-lactate sensor based on enzyme electrode modified with ZnO nanoparticles and multiwall carbon nanotubes

“…They could keep activity of enzyme due to the desirable microenvironment, and enhance the direct electron transfer between the enzyme's active sites and the electrode. Up to now, many inorganic nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles and nanoclusters [2][3][4], CNTs [5,6], nanocrystalline diamond [7], calcium carbonate nanoparticles [8], Pt nanowires [9] and Ag nanoparticles [10], have been used as signal transducers and platforms for the enzyme immobilization in biosensors. In biosensors based on CNTs, the CNTs play multiple roles: (1) a substrate to immobilize enzyme, (2) electrocatalytic oxidation or reduction of H 2 O 2 at the CNT surface to reduce overvoltage and avoid interference from other co-existing electroactive species, and (3) an enhanced signal because of its fast electron transfer and large working surface area [11].…”