Development of carbon nanofibers from aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bundles and characterization of their microstructural, electrical, and mechanical properties

Zhou, Zhengping; Lai, Chuilin; Zhang, Lifeng; Qian, Yongfang; Hou, Haoqing; Reneker, Darrell H.; Fong, Hao

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2009.04.058

Cited by 387 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Melt electrospinning requires that a heating system surround the reservoir and, despite its advantages of improved cost effectiveness and environmental safety due to the absence of solvents in the process, is generally more challenging. Polyethylene and polypropylene are two polymers that have been successfully fabricated from the melt [32,33]. Ceramic fibers such as TiO 2 have been fabricated from a sol of ceramic precursor and a host polymer such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Structured Electrospun Fibers

Zander

2013

Polymers

123

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Abstract:Traditional electrospun nanofibers have a myriad of applications ranging from scaffolds for tissue engineering to components of biosensors and energy harvesting devices. The generally smooth one-dimensional structure of the fibers has stood as a limitation to several interesting novel applications. Control of fiber diameter, porosity and collector geometry will be briefly discussed, as will more traditional methods for controlling fiber morphology and fiber mat architecture. The remainder of the review will focus on new techniques to prepare hierarchically structured fibers. Fibers with hierarchical primary structures-including helical, buckled, and beads-on-a-string fibers, as well as fibers with secondary structures, such as nanopores, nanopillars, nanorods, and internally structured fibers and their applications-will be discussed. These new materials with helical/buckled morphology are expected to possess unique optical and mechanical properties with possible applications for negative refractive index materials, highly stretchable/high-tensile-strength materials, and components in microelectromechanical devices. Core-shell type fibers enable a much wider variety of materials to be electrospun and are expected to be widely applied in the sensing, drug delivery/controlled release fields, and in the encapsulation of live cells for biological applications. Materials with a hierarchical secondary structure are expected to provide new superhydrophobic and self-cleaning materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Structured Electrospun Fibers

Zander

2013

Polymers

123

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“…The lower conductivity of the EE-12 material is also expected based on the higher porosity, and hence lower solid volume fraction present to carry electric charge. Increasing the final carbonization temperature is known to increase the conductivity of carbonized PAN, 48 so this could be explored if higher values are sought. The relatively good electrical conductivity suggests that the carbonization protocol was sufficient to produce fully carbonized materials.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Electrospun Fibrous Mats Targeted for Use as Flow Battery Electrodes

Liu

Kok

Kim

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Electrospinning was used to create custom-made fibrous electrode materials for redox flow batteries with targeted structural properties. The aim was to increase the available surface area for electrochemical reaction without diminishing the transport properties of the electrode. Electrospinning conditions were identified that could produce fibers several times larger than those typically yielded by the technique, yet much smaller than in commercially available electrodes. These materials were subsequently carbonized using widely reported protocols. The resultant materials were subjected to a range of characterization tests to confirm that the feasibility of the target material, including surface area, pore and fiber sizes, porosity, conductivity, and permeability. The most promising material to emerge from this selection processes was then tested for electrochemical performance in a flow cell. The produced material performed markedly better than a commercially available material. Further optimizations such as improved consistency in the production and some surface activation treatments could provide significant advancements.

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“…In energy conversion Carbon nanomaterials are the building block in energy conwere then characterized by SEM, TEM, Raman and XRD [62].…”

Section: Carbon Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-allotropes: synthesis methods, applications and future perspectives

Karthik¹,

Himaja²,

Singh³

2014

Carbon letters

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The element carbon has been used as a source of energy for the past few hundred years, and now in this era of technology, carbon has played a significant and very prominent role in almost all fields of science and technology. So as an honour to this marvellous element, we humans should know about its various forms of existence. In this review article, we shed light on all possible carbon-allotropes; similarities in their synthesis techniques and the starting materials; their wide range of possible availability; and finally, future perspectives and applications. A brief introduction is given on the types, structures, and shapes of the allotropes of carbon for a better understanding.

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Development of carbon nanofibers from aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bundles and characterization of their microstructural, electrical, and mechanical properties

Cited by 387 publications

References 25 publications

Hierarchically Structured Electrospun Fibers

Hierarchically Structured Electrospun Fibers

Evaluation of Electrospun Fibrous Mats Targeted for Use as Flow Battery Electrodes

Carbon-allotropes: synthesis methods, applications and future perspectives

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