Development of Carbon-infiltrated Bio-char from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch

Rozhan, Alya Naili; Ani, Mohd Hanafi; Salleh, Hamzah Mohd.; Akiyama, Tomohiro; Purwanto, Hadi

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.55.436

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Having a similar range of particle sizes, carbon content of biochar increased from 63.7 to 69.8 mass% after the developed integrated pyrolysis-tar decomposition process, which was approaching the minimum carbon content of a commercial coke breeze, 75 mass%. Interestingly, the carbon content of the final carbon-infiltrated biochar product was believed able to be increased further by increasing the amount of tar source [14]. Nevertheless, in this work, the limitation was with the equipment, where the amount of tar source had to be restricted.…”

Section: Application Of Carbon-infiltrated Biochar In Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 79%

Innovative Process to Enrich Carbon Content of EFB‐Derived Biochar as an Alternative Energy Source in Ironmaking

Purwanto

Rozhan

Salleh

2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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This paper describes the mechanism of a developed process—an integrated pyrolysis-tar decomposition process—to produce oil palm empty fruit bunch- (EFB-) derived biochar with additional solid carbon within the biochar bodies, produced by decomposition of tar vapor on its pore surface, using the chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) method. The product, carbon-infiltrated biochar, was characterized to investigate the possibility to be used as partial coke breeze replacement in ironmaking. Carbon-infiltrated biochar is proposed to be utilized for a sintering process that could reduce the consumption of coke and CO2emission in iron-steel industry.

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Section: Application Of Carbon-infiltrated Biochar In Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 79%

Innovative Process to Enrich Carbon Content of EFB‐Derived Biochar as an Alternative Energy Source in Ironmaking

Purwanto

Rozhan

Salleh

2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…The surface area and pore volume distribution before the deposition of carbon and after treatment have been analyzed and it can be seen that both surface area and pore volume decreased as the deposition temperature increased. The presence of pores after dehydration process acts as catalyst for the deposition of carbon on pore surface of iron ore [9]. This deposited carbon had infiltrated and deposited within the pores thus decreasing the surface area and pore volumes of the iron ore.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Empty Fruit Bunch Derived Vapor for Carbon Deposition within Iron Ores

Marzuki

Rozhan

Purwanto

2022

KEM

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Metallurgical coke is the main source of fuel and reducing agent for iron and steel industry. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) biomass which is abundantly available in Malaysia could be utilized as a source of energy as well as reducing agent in iron making process. This research presents carbon infiltration within low-grade iron ore via chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) method from EFB pyrolysis vapor. Low-grade iron ore was first heated to remove the combined water (CW) that consequently created pore network within the iron ore. These pores would act as sites for carbon infiltration in the iron ore. The EFB treatment on iron ore has been carried out at different temperatures and the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the carbon infiltration has been investigated. The Brunauer−Emmet−Teller (BET) and Barrett−Joyner−Halenda (BJH) methods have been performed to analyze pore surface and pore volumes of the iron ore. Pore surface and pore volume decreased as the temperature increased indicated that more carbon has been deposited. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, it was shown that the low-grade iron ore has been transformed into iron (Fe). The infiltrated carbon from the EFB pyrolysis vapor in the pore surface iron ore is proven to be able to be utilized as source of energy and reducing agent to partially replace metallurgical coke in the blast furnace in order to reduce emission of harmful gas.

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“…The empty fruit bunch serves as mulch material and too can be composted and used as organic fertilizer. It has also found use as a feedstock for high-quality biochar (Idris et al, 2014;Bakar et al, 2015;Rozhan et al, 2015). The empty bunch, when burnt, can be used to make local soap.…”

Section: Socio-economic Attributes Of the Oil Palmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The oil palm (<i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq): nature’s ecological endowment to eastern Nigeria

Okolo¹,

Okolo²,

Nnadi³

et al. 2019

Agro-Sci.

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The paper highlights oil palm as a multipurpose tree crop symbolizing nature's endowment to the people of South East, Nigeria, and presents available evidence that the center of origin for the palm is within the area. The structure of the natural habitat of the oil palmthe groves, from where several genetic collections have been made for the improvement of the crop worldwideis described. The oil palm is viewed as closely interwoven with the people providing their requirements in terms of food, medicine and materials for infrastructural development. In a wider context, the ecological, socio-economic, and socio-cultural and traditional values of the palm are discussed. The history of efforts to exploit the potentials of the crop through domestication and genetic improvement is given. Because the potential of oil palm is yet exhausted, the action plan for further development in the natural habitat and plantations is also given, highlighting the prospects of increased oil palm production as well as some of the constraints on the way to realising this all-important project. The paper identifies areas needing action research towards the sustainable development of oil palm. Among other suggestions in this direction, the paper recommends the creation of a center of excellence in oil palm studies within the South East, Nigeria to expand the scientific exploitation of the natural groves and encourage plantation establishment for the benefit of not only the people whose God-given gift is now a highly valuable crop in the world, but the entire country and even beyond.

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Development of Carbon-infiltrated Bio-char from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Innovative Process to Enrich Carbon Content of EFB‐Derived Biochar as an Alternative Energy Source in Ironmaking

Innovative Process to Enrich Carbon Content of EFB‐Derived Biochar as an Alternative Energy Source in Ironmaking

Utilization of Empty Fruit Bunch Derived Vapor for Carbon Deposition within Iron Ores

The oil palm (<i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq): nature’s ecological endowment to eastern Nigeria

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