Development of bed-building behaviors in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Implication for critical period hypothesis and captive management

Yamanashi, Yumi; Bando, Haruna; Matsunaga, Masayuki; Tanaka, Masayuki; Nogami, Etsuko; Hirata, Satoshi

doi:10.1007/s10329-020-00839-w

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Since 2008, these animals had been the subject of cognitive studies using touch screens (Tanaka, 2016). Zookeepers fed the chimpanzees seasonal fruits, vegetables, browses, and pellets for their main meals (three times per day: around 9:00, 11:00 or 13:00, and 15:20), and they also provided both physical‐ and food‐based enrichment (Yamanashi et al, 2020). The ethics committee of the Kyoto City Zoo approved the study protocol (KCZ‐2019‐023).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do chimpanzees enjoy a virtual forest? A pilot investigation of the use of interactive art as a form of environmental enrichment for zoo‐housed chimpanzees

Yamanashi

Hitoosa

Yoshida

et al. 2021

American J Primatol

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Environmental enrichment is essential for the well-being of zoo animals. Recent advances in sensor and video technologies may contribute to improvements in enrichment in terms of their flexibilities and time constraints. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether interactive movie art can be used as a form of environmental enrichment. We implemented interactive movies designed by a professional artist, a visual art aiming to reflect naturalistic forest habitat, in an indoor chimpanzee enclosure at Kyoto City Zoo in Japan. Motion-tracking sensors embedded in buoys were installed at several locations around the indoor enclosure; the chimpanzees could change the movie contents by physically interacting with these objects. We recorded behaviors by observing entire troop of chimpanzees (six) between March 16 and 20, 2020 (control condition), then recorded behaviors when the interactive movie was presented (experimental condition) between March 21 and 29, 2020. Behaviors were recorded via direct observations and video recordings to examine any changes after the installation of interactive art. The chimpanzees spent more time in the indoor enclosures during the experimental condition than during the control condition. Activity budgets did not change substantially during the study period. There was no evidence of habituation to the movie during the study period. Three chimpanzees, including two young chimpanzees, interacted with the movie more frequently than the others; these young chimpanzees occasionally showed playful expressions when interacting with the movie and exhibited different reactivities to the movie scenes. These results demonstrate, first, that the interactive art did not negatively affect chimpanzee behavior, and second, that some of the chimpanzees indeed showed positive responses to the art. This study, therefore, introduces a novel possibility for environmental enrichment in zoos, involving a collaboration between science and art.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do chimpanzees enjoy a virtual forest? A pilot investigation of the use of interactive art as a form of environmental enrichment for zoo‐housed chimpanzees

Yamanashi

Hitoosa

Yoshida

et al. 2021

American J Primatol

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“…Photo courtesy SUAQ Project, www.suaq.org. (Stoinski and Whiten, 2003;Dindo et al, 2011), adult bonobos (Stevens et al, 2005) and adult chimpanzees (Yamanashi et al, 2020). Sumatran orangutans live in individual based fission fusion systems (van Schaik, 1999), but are highly sociable, whereas Bornean orangutans are less sociable, spending most of their time alone (van Noordwijk et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant orangutan males use social learning to adapt to new habitat after dispersal

Mörchen,

Luhn,

Wassmer

et al. 2023

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Dispersal has been suggested to be challenging, especially for species that heavily rely on social learning for knowledge acquisition. One of the obstacles that migrants face is learning how to cope with an unfamiliar, new habitat, which may involve learning from resident individuals. So far, only very few studies have looked at social learning in migrants after dispersal. Here we examine how migrant male orangutans use a behavior called “peering” (an indicator of observational social learning), to learn from local individuals. In total, we analyzed 4,009 daily dyadic associations with and without peering events of 77 males of the highly sociable Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii) at the Suaq population and 75 males of the less sociable Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) at the Tuanan population, covering a combined study time of 30 years. Analysis using generalized linear mixed models supported our prediction that migrant males in Suaq preferentially peered at the local adult females. However, in Tuanan, migrants peered mostly at other adult males and local immatures. Migrants’ peering rates were highest shortly after their arrival, and significantly decreased with increasing time spent in the area. Migrants in both sites peered significantly more at peering targets’ feeding on food items that are rarely eaten within the locals’ diet, than at commonly eaten ones and peered significantly more at skill-intense food items than easy-to-process ones. Further, migrants interacted significantly more with the peered-at food item after the peering event, than before, suggesting that they practice the observed behavior. Our results therefore suggest that migrant males use peering to learn new ecological knowledge after dispersal (e.g., where and what to feed on), and continue to learn complex skills even within adulthood, (e.g., how to feed on skill-intense food items). To do so, migrants selectively attend to the most knowledgeable and/or available individuals, practice the new skill afterwards and even flexibly adjust their learning, e.g., when confronted with intolerant locals or when the need for learning decreases. Together, our study provides important evidence that social learning in great apes expands towards adulthood, an ability which critically impacted also human evolution.

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“…Much of the research in sanctuaries in North America focuses on the social behavior of captive chimpanzees including integration of the chimpanzees [ 25 ], dominance hierarchies [ 26 ], and caregiver interactions with the chimpanzees [ 27 , 28 ]. Studies on enrichment [ 29 ], abnormal behavior [ 30 ], nesting [ 31 , 32 , 33 ], and their impacts on the welfare of sanctuary chimpanzees also exist throughout the sanctuary sector. This is by no means an exhaustive list of the types of research now conducted in sanctuary settings but is merely a representative sample of some of the welfare related work being conducted around the world (see Ross and Leinwand [ 19 ]) for a more in-depth look at sanctuary research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Welfare Research for the Management of Sanctuary Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Fultz

Lewis

Kelly

et al. 2023

Animals

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Chimp Haven is a sanctuary for chimpanzees retired from biomedical research, rescued from the pet trade, or re-homed after other organizations could no longer care for them. To provide optimal care for over 300 chimpanzees, Chimp Haven’s animal care team includes experts in behavioral science, veterinary treatment, and husbandry practices. To aid these teams in making routine welfare management decisions, a system of behavioral metrics provides objective data to guide decisions and track outcomes. Chimp Haven has built and piloted seven behavioral metric protocols over the past 5 years to provide staff with an objective and comprehensive picture of the chimpanzees’ behavioral welfare. The data from behavioral observations, staff surveys, and routine staff documentation are analyzed and processed through Google Forms, ZooMonitor, Microsoft Power Bi, Microsoft Excel, and R. Each metric assists staff in making data-based decisions regarding the management of captive chimpanzees related to abnormal behavior, hair loss, wounding, social relationships, positive reinforcement training and overall wellness. In this article, we explore examples of each metric and how they have been utilized to monitor and make decisions for both social groups of chimpanzees as well as individuals. These metrics can be collected and shared easily in an understandable format, which may provide an important framework for others to follow to enable the tracking of welfare for other sanctuaries, non-human primates, as well as other species.

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Development of bed-building behaviors in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Implication for critical period hypothesis and captive management

Abstract: 00839-w; The full-text file will be made open to the public on

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Do chimpanzees enjoy a virtual forest? A pilot investigation of the use of interactive art as a form of environmental enrichment for zoo‐housed chimpanzees

Do chimpanzees enjoy a virtual forest? A pilot investigation of the use of interactive art as a form of environmental enrichment for zoo‐housed chimpanzees

Migrant orangutan males use social learning to adapt to new habitat after dispersal

Behavioral Welfare Research for the Management of Sanctuary Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

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