Development of B.R.A.K.E. the Cycle: A Culturally Responsive Bystander Intervention for South Asian Immigrants in the United States

Rai, Abha; Perkins, Nathan H.; Grossman, Susan F.; Malazarte, Nikki

doi:10.1177/10443894221132339

Cited by 6 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Each of the seven studies utilized a unique instrument. The number of items ranged from four (Rai, Ravi et al, in press) to 63 (Kalokhe et al, 2016). Five out of the seven scales used Likert response options (Indu et al, 2011; Kalokhe et al, 2016; Rai, Ravi et al, in press; Soglin et al, 2019; Yount et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Semehegn et al (2019) measured both DV behaviors and risk factors. Rai, Ravi et al (in press) measured perceptions of in-laws’ abuse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies used principal component analysis (PCA; Indu et al, 2011; Rai, Ravi et al (in press)). Indu et al (2011) reported the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy of .84, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant χ2 = 5605.34, df 300, p = .0001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alpha’s ranged from .78 (Semahegn et al, 2019) to .94 (Indu et al, 2011). Rai, Ravi et al (in press). split the samples by gender and found that the alpha for females was .91 and .90 for males. Only one study utilized test-retest reliability (Indu et al, 2011) and found that the test-retest reliability of the DVQ was .96 (95% CI 0.93–0.98) when readministered two weeks apart.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utilization of culturally responsive measures may promote increased research in diverse communities (Rai, Ravi et al, in press; White et al, 2013). Cultural responsivity is characterized as taking into account an individual’s culture, values, and norms (Rai et al, 2020).…”

Section: Importance Of Culturally Responsive Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Systematic Review of the Psychometric Properties of Culturally Responsive Domestic Violence Measures

Ravi

Rai

Lindsey

2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Domestic violence (DV) is a pervasive public health issue due to its high prevalence and the adverse effects it can have on individuals. Standardized measures can fail to account for within-group differences that are salient among diverse populations. The current review aims to systematically review and organize the psychometric studies of culturally responsive DV measures. The goal of the review is to inform researchers and practitioners about the validity and reliability of the existing measures to facilitate measure selection. Studies were included if they were validation studies of a DV measure, published in English in a peer-reviewed journal, demonstrated cultural responsivity, and provided evidence of validity or reliability. A total of seven studies were identified. Findings from this review showed that most participants were from South Asia or were South Asian immigrants. Some culturally specific tactics included being treated like a servant, eating last, being burned, and in-laws abuse. Most measures included in this review demonstrated compelling evidence of validity and reliability. More research is needed to develop and validate culturally responsive measures with distinctly diverse populations. Valid and reliable culturally responsive measures can be helpful for DV and non-DV service providers to precisely assess DV and provide appropriate services while documenting accurate DV prevalence rates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Semehegn et al (2019) measured both DV behaviors and risk factors. Rai, Ravi et al (in press) measured perceptions of in-laws’ abuse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Importance Of Culturally Responsive Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Systematic Review of the Psychometric Properties of Culturally Responsive Domestic Violence Measures

Ravi

Rai

Lindsey

2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Physical and Emotional Sibling Violence Among South Asian Immigrants in the United States

Perkins

Rai

2023

J Fam Viol

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Relationships among intimate partner violence, unfair treatment, depressive symptoms, and family support: A community-based study of Gujarati women in the Midwestern USA.

Yoshihama,

Rai,

Choi

et al. 2024

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) and unfair treatment can negatively affect the health and wellbeing of many women, especially women of color. Few studies have investigated the mental health impact of both forms of victimization together. Unlike most research on Asian Indian women, which has used aggregated samples of women of various Asian Indian or South Asian descent, this study focused on a specific group of Asian Indians. Data were collected from a probability sample of Gujarati residents, aged 18-65 years, in a midwestern state of USA via computer-assisted telephone interviews. One third of married women reported having experienced IPV and two thirds received unfair treatment during the previous 6 months. Respondents overall reported a low level of depressive symptoms. Analyses using negative binomial regression models found that while both IPV and unfair treatment were positively associated with depressive symptoms, their interaction effect was not statistically significant. When IPV victimization and support from family were included in the model, the incidence rate ratio for unfair treatment became nonsignificant, but the significant effect of IPV remained. Findings suggest that practitioners not only in mental health and IPV programs but also in alternative settings frequented by Gujarati women should inquire about these types of interpersonal victimization and assist women in connecting with and cultivating supportive networks. More research on the mental health impact of IPV and other types of interpersonal victimization is needed for underresearched yet growing population groups to inform socioculturally responsive assistance programs. Public Policy Relevance StatementThis study documented that experiencing violence in intimate relationships and being exposed to unfair treatment in the public sphere were associated with greater depressive symptoms among a group of Asian Indian women, a growing but underserved population group. Our study findings suggest a need for socioculturally responsive policies and programs for women experiencing intimate partner violence and unfair treatment, moving away from the one-size-fits-all approach.M any women of color experience gender-and race-based discrimination, which operates through multiple pathways, including social policies, institutional arrangements, ideologies, beliefs (e.g., prejudice, stereotypes), and individual behavior (Williams et al., 2019). The COVID-19 pandemic beginning in 2020 exacerbated dual challenges for Asian women: unfair treatment and intimate partner violence (IPV; Wang, 2020). However, it is important to acknowledge that Asians This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.

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Development of B.R.A.K.E. the Cycle: A Culturally Responsive Bystander Intervention for South Asian Immigrants in the United States

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Systematic Review of the Psychometric Properties of Culturally Responsive Domestic Violence Measures

Systematic Review of the Psychometric Properties of Culturally Responsive Domestic Violence Measures

Physical and Emotional Sibling Violence Among South Asian Immigrants in the United States

Relationships among intimate partner violence, unfair treatment, depressive symptoms, and family support: A community-based study of Gujarati women in the Midwestern USA.

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