Development of Arene Ruthenium Antitumor Complexes

Abstract

The organometallic arene ruthenium complexes are rapidly advancing. In particular, the organoruthenium complexes of the type [(η6-arene)Ru(X)(Y)(Z)] have attracted increasing attention for their special structures and properties. This review is focused on the recent developments of [(η6- arene)Ru(X)(Y)(Z)]-typed complexes incorporating various biologically active ligands, which are important in the exploration of novel multi-targeted organometallic anticancer drugs.

Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Migration Activity of Arene–Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Azole Therapeutic Agents

“…The clinical phase I trials of three ruthenium compounds: indazolium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)] KP1019, sodium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)] NKP1339 and imidazolium trans-[tetrachloro-(S-dimethylsulfoxide)(1H-imidazole)ruthenate(III)] NAMI-A has led to considerable interest in anticancer drugs based on this metal center [4,5]. Over the last two decades, Ru-arene complexes have become a focus of interest due to their anticancer properties [6][7][8][9]. These kind of metal complexes with monodentate or bidentate ligands showing different modes of action [10] such as apoptosis induction via DNA damage and anti-angiogenic properties [11], protein kinase inhibitors [12] protein RNase A [13] or a multi-target concept inhibit human topoisomerase IIα and covalently bind to DNA [14].…”

Tethering (Arene)Ru(II) Acylpyrazolones Decorated with Long Aliphatic Chains to Polystyrene Surfaces Provides Potent Antibacterial Plastics

“…Among complexes 1-4, characterized by the presence of acylpyrazolones with a long aliphatic chain in either the 3 or 4 position of the pyrazolone ring, complex 2, with hmb and Q Ph,C17 ligands bound to the Ru(II) ion, showed the highest efficacy against both Gram-E. coli and Gram+ S. aureus, achieving a complete inhibition of E. coli and S. aureus growth just after 4 h (Figure 1a,b). This antibacterial activity is the highest among all complexes (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8), and corresponds to a log-reduction higher than 3 log units, which implies strong antibacterial activity of complex 2. Complex 3, bearing cymene and Q C17 ligands on the Ru(II) fragment, also showed a good efficacy, in particular against E. coli.…”

“…A wide range of ruthenium-based complexes display promising properties for cancer chemotherapy and have emerged as a potential alternative to the platinum-derived therapeutics [1][2][3]. In recent years Ru(III) and Ru(II) have successfully entered clinical trials [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and their mechanisms of anticancer action have been investigated [11][12][13].…”

Synthesis, structure and antiproliferative activity of dinuclear ruthenium arene complexes with differently coordinated thiosemicarbazones

“…Ruthenium‐based anticancer compounds, which offers the possibility of treating platinum‐resistant cancers due to their different mode of action to clinically applied platinum drugs, are emerging as promising candidates for the development of novel anticancer agents . Among several anticancer ruthenium complexes, imidazolium trans‐[tetrachlorido(1H‐imidazole)(S‐dimethylsulfoxide) ruthenate(III)] (NAMI‐A), imidazolium trans‐[tetrachloridobis(1H‐imidazole)ruthenate(III)] (KP1019), and sodium trans‐[tetrachloridobis(1H‐indazole)ruthenate(III)] (NKP1339), with particular promise are currently in phase II clinical trials .…”

“…Ruthenium-based anticancer compounds, which offers the possibility of treating platinum-resistant cancers due to their different mode of action to clinically applied platinum drugs, are emerging as promising candidates for the development of novel anticancer agents. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Among several anticancer ruthenium complexes, imidazolium trans-[tetrachlorido(1H-imidazole)(S-dimethylsulfoxide) ruthenate(III)]…”