Development of Antibacterial, Degradable and pH-Responsive Chitosan/Guar Gum/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blended Hydrogels for Wound Dressing

Abstract

The present research is based on the fabrication preparation of CS/PVA/GG blended hydrogel with nontoxic tetra orthosilicate (TEOS) for sustained paracetamol release. Different TEOS percentages were used because of their nontoxic behavior to study newly designed hydrogels’ crosslinking and physicochemical properties. These hydrogels were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and wetting to determine the functional, surface morphology, hydrophilic, or hydrophobic properties. The swelling analysis in different media, degradation in PBS, and drug release kinetics were conducted to observe their response against corresponding media. The FTIR analysis confirmed the components added and crosslinking between them, and surface morphology confirmed different surface and wetting behavior due to different crosslinking. In various solvents, including water, buffer, and electrolyte solutions, the swelling behaviour of hydrogel was investigated and observed that TEOS amount caused less hydrogel swelling. In acidic pH, hydrogels swell the most, while they swell the least at pH 7 or higher. These hydrogels are pH-sensitive and appropriate for controlled drug release. These hydrogels demonstrated that, as the ionic concentration was increased, swelling decreased due to decreased osmotic pressure in various electrolyte solutions. The antimicrobial analysis revealed that these hydrogels are highly antibacterial against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) bacterial strains. The drug release mechanism was 98% in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) media at pH 7.4 in 140 min. To analyze drug release behaviour, the drug release kinetics was assessed against different mathematical models (such as zero and first order, Higuchi, Baker–Lonsdale, Hixson, and Peppas). It was found that hydrogel (CPG2) follows the Peppas model with the highest value of regression (R2 = 0.98509). Hence, from the results, these hydrogels could be a potential biomaterial for wound dressing in biomedical applications.

Multifunctional Arabinoxylan-functionalized-Graphene Oxide Based Composite Hydrogel for Skin Tissue Engineering

“…The peak positions at 1,635 and 1,575 cm −1 indicate the presence of −C═O stretching band and C═C functional group of graphene oxide. The pyranose ring and saccharine structure peaks were observed at 864 and 1,146 cm −1 , respectively, which are fundamental peaks of arabinoxylan ( Adorinni et al, 2021 ; Khan et al, 2021c ). The stretching band 1,110–1,000 cm −1 is due to the presence of TEOS (cross-linker) and it confirms the presence of −Si−O−C and −Si−O−Si functional groups.…”

An injectable cellulose acetate/sodium alginate hydrogels-loaded laponite microsphere as a potential wound healing in nursing care in perioperative period

“…It is believed that the protection membrane of the bacteria can be selectively damaged by polycation adsorption process when being in touch with CSL, which causes the release of intracellular fluids and results in death of bacteria [43]. A wound dressing combining antibacterial and biofilm properties could be a viable method for preventing bacterial infection-induced wound aggravation [44].…”

pH-Responsive PVA/BC-f-GO Dressing Materials for Burn and Chronic Wound Healing with Curcumin Release Kinetics

“…An ideal wound dressing should have enough mechanical stability to support skin injuries, flexibility, water retention, antibacterial properties, and tear resistance, and be easily removable. It should also absorb a large amount of wound exudate from the wound surface, as the exudate volume in burning wounds is usually relatively high [ 4 , 5 ]. It should protect against pathogens that cause severe disease by preventing their growth in the wound environment and surface.…”