Development of an online solid-phase extraction with liquid chromatography method based on polymer monoliths for the determination of dopamine

Abstract

Porous polymer monoliths have been used to develop an online solid-phase extraction with liquid chromatography method for determination of dopamine in urine as well as for a continuous monitoring of dopamine in flowing system. A polymerization mixture containing 4-vinylphenylboronic acid monomer has been used to prepare a trapping column based on specific ring formation reaction with dopamine cis-diol functionality. Additionally, a monolithic stationary phase with zwitterion functionality has been used to prepare capillary column for the separation of dopamine. Experimental conditions including molarity, pH, and flow rate of the loading buffer together with a valve switching time have been optimized to provide the highest recovery for dopamine. Experimental setup has been used to determine dopamine in a urine. By using both calibration curve and standard addition method, the dopamine level was determined to be 1.19 and 1.28 mg/L, respectively. Further, we have used experimental design to optimize coupling of two extraction monolithic loops to separation capillary column with monolithic phase for a comprehensive monitoring of dopamine. After multivariate analysis, sample loading flow-rate and a flow-rate of flushing buffer were selected as the most significant variables. Optimized experimental setup was applied to continuously monitor dopamine degradation.

Highly Sensitive Detection of Dopamine at Ionic Liquid Functionalized RGO/ZIF-8 Nanocomposite-Modified Electrode

“…As a result, the clinical analysis needs an accurate, sensitive, and rapid determination of DA. Many methods, such as chemiluminescence [4], liquid chromatography [5,6], capillary electrophoresis [7], and fluorescence [8], were proposed for detecting DA. Compared with them, the electrochemical method shows lower cost of instrument and operation, faster response, and higher accuracy [9].…”

Poly[(2‐(acryloyloxy) ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride‐co‐ethylene dimethacrylate monolith on‐line solid‐phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry for the fast determination of salicylic acid in foodstuffs

“…Moreover, polymeric monolithic columns with different polarities and functional groups can be fabricated by varying their chemical composition and configuration according to the analysis requirements. Because of these advantages, several polymer-based monolithic columns have been successfully used for the on-line pretreatment of compounds from environmental, food, and biological matrixes [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], e.g., ion-exchange sorbents [22], reversed-phase monoliths [24], restricted access monoliths [26], molecularly imprinted polymers [27], and hydrophilic sorbents [30]. The polyfunctional monolith monomers will dictate the extraction performance of the target analytes.…”

Development of a validated strategy for the determination of tryptamine in human cerebrospinal fluid in the presence of competitors using molecularly imprinted polymers

“…Recently, the authors of some excellent review papers discussed different formats of MIPs . Also, numerous papers revealed the application of MIPs for the determination of bioanalytes such as bioamines . The MIPs were also successfully applied in fabrication of sensors and drug delivery devices .…”