Development of an LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 25 benzodiazepines and zolpidem in oral fluid and its application to authentic samples from regular drug users

Jang, Moonhee; Chang, Hyejin; Yang, Wenjun; Choi, Hyeyoung; Kim, Eun‐Mi; Yu, Bum-Hee; Oh, Yunhye; Chung, Heesun

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2012.11.002

Cited by 44 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Recovery of the collection device was evaluated according to a previous study . Blank oral fluid obtained by spitting was spiked with QC working solutions, and then added to the collection cotton swab.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitive, automatic method for the determination of diazepam and its five metabolites in human oral fluid by online solid‐phase extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Jiang

Rao

Wang

et al. 2016

J of Separation Science

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A novel and simple online solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of diazepam and its five metabolites including nordazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, oxazepam glucuronide, and temazepam glucuronide in human oral fluid. Human oral fluid was obtained using the Salivette(®) collection device, and 100 μL of oral fluid samples were loaded onto HySphere Resin GP cartridge for extraction. Analytes were separated on a Waters Xterra C18 column and quantified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry using the multiple reaction monitoring mode. The whole procedure was automatic, and the total run time was 21 min. The limit of detection was in the range of 0.05-0.1 ng/mL for all analytes. The linearity ranged from 0.25 to 250 ng/mL for oxazepam, and 0.1 to 100 ng/mL for the other five analytes. Intraday and interday precision for all analytes was 0.6-12.8 and 1.0-9.2%, respectively. Accuracy ranged from 95.6 to 114.7%. Method recoveries were in the range of 65.1-80.8%. This method was fully automated, simple, and sensitive. Authentic oral fluid samples collected from two volunteers after consuming a single oral dose of 10 mg diazepam were analyzed to demonstrate the applicability of this method.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several published methods about determination of diazepam in oral fluid are based on SPE–LC–MS/MS and LLE–LC–MS/MS . The sample pretreatment methods were complicated and time consuming, and only tested diazepam and its free metabolites: nordazepam, oxazepam, and temazepam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive, automatic method for the determination of diazepam and its five metabolites in human oral fluid by online solid‐phase extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Jiang

Rao

Wang

et al. 2016

J of Separation Science

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“…Comprehensive LC-MS/MS methods offer an alternative and often encompass multiple drugs and metabolites (Table 1) [22,30,38,[58][59][60][61]. MS and MS/MS have been advocated for the confirmation and quantification of BZPs in biological specimens such as blood, serum, plasma, urine and OF [22,30,34,40,[59][60][61][62][63][64]. LC-MS/MS is the preferred technology for the confirmation and quantification of BZPs in OF because no derivatization is required, many methods have sub-nanogram sensitivity and multiple drugs can be analyzed simultaneously.…”

Section: Benzodiazepinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LC-MS/MS is the preferred technology for the confirmation and quantification of BZPs in OF because no derivatization is required, many methods have sub-nanogram sensitivity and multiple drugs can be analyzed simultaneously. LC-MS/MS methods for the analysis of BZPs in OF include the use of QQQ, linear IT and ToF (urine) instruments [22,30,35,40,[59][60][61][62][63][64]. When used, linear IT instruments were operated like the QQQ instruments with MRM-MS/MS analysis conditions and data acquisition [35].…”

Section: Benzodiazepinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Fluid for The Detection of Drugs of Abuse Using Immunoassay and LC–MS/MS

Moore

Crouch²

2013

Bioanalysis

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The utility of oral fluid as a sample matrix for the analysis of drugs has been increasing in popularity over the last few years. This is largely because of collection advantages over other matrices, but also due to the rapid improvements in analytical assays including highly sensitive liquid reagent format enzyme immunoassays and LC-MS/MS. This review will highlight improvements in assay formats, sensitivity, laboratory equipment and sample processing using low sample volumes to expand drug test profiles.

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Comparative bioavailability of two zolpidem hemitartrate formulations in healthy human Brazilian volunteers using high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry

Mendes

Pereira

Rodrigues

et al. 2020

Biomedical Chromatography

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To assess the bioequivalence of two zolpidem hemitartrate formulations in 30 healthy volunteers. Plasma samples were obtained over a 24 h period. Plasma concentrations of zolpidem were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with positive ion electrospray ionization using multiple reaction monitoring. Values of peak concentration (Cmax), area under curve (AUC), half‐life, elimination constant, volume of distribution and clearance showed statistically significant differences when comparing women (604.34 ng h/ml, 127.36 ng/ml, 4.4 h, 0.18 1/h, 50.56 L and 8.55 L/h, respectively) and men (276.1 ng h/ml, 70.9 ng/ml, 3.3 h, 0.26 1/h, 91.42 L and 24.34 L/h, respectively), receiving the same dose (5 mg), respectively. The geometric means with corresponding 90% confidence interval for Test/Reference percentage ratios were 99.73% (CI 93.69–106.16) for Cmax, 97.44% (90% CI = 91.85–103.37%) for area under curve of plasma concentration until the last concentration observed (AUClast) and 98.30% (90% CI = 92.48–104.49) for the area under curve between the first sample (pre‐dosage) and infinity (AUC0–inf). Since the 90% CI for AUClast, AUC0–inf and Cmax ratios were within the 80–125% interval proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that zolpidem hemitartrate formulation (5 mg orodispersible tablet) is bioequivalent to the zolpidem hemitartrate formulation (Patz SL 5 mg sublingual tablet) with regard to both the rate and the extent of absorption. A new formulation of zolpidem 2.5 mg may be useful in women for the same clinical benefits as the 5 mg formulation in men.

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Development of an LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 25 benzodiazepines and zolpidem in oral fluid and its application to authentic samples from regular drug users

Cited by 44 publications

References 26 publications

Sensitive, automatic method for the determination of diazepam and its five metabolites in human oral fluid by online solid‐phase extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Sensitive, automatic method for the determination of diazepam and its five metabolites in human oral fluid by online solid‐phase extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Oral Fluid for The Detection of Drugs of Abuse Using Immunoassay and LC–MS/MS

Comparative bioavailability of two zolpidem hemitartrate formulations in healthy human Brazilian volunteers using high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry

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