Development of an Interdigitated Electrode-Based Disposable Enzyme Sensor Strip for Glycated Albumin Measurement

Hatada, Mika; Loew, Noya; Okuda-Shimazaki, Junko; Khanwalker, Mukund; Tsugawa, Wakako; Mulchandani, Ashok; Sode, Koji

doi:10.3390/molecules26030734

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Here, it can be applied, for example, for cell separation upon biopsy or stem cell culture—( Figure 6 ). The use of this method to create label-free biosensors has already been explored, for example against infections such as dengue or Zika [ 120 ] but more notably for glucose or albumin monitoring [ 121 , 122 ]. Recently, Yoo et al (2021) [ 123 ] described an interdigitated electrode biosensor based on plasma deposited TiO 2 nanoparticles for detecting DNA.…”

Section: Novel In Vitro Models–microfluidic Technologies Applications...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review on Advances and Challenges in Creating Insulin Producing Devices

et al. 2023

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is the most common autoimmune chronic disease in young patients. It is caused by the destruction of pancreatic endocrine β-cells that produce insulin in specific areas of the pancreas, known as islets of Langerhans. As a result, the body becomes insulin deficient and hyperglycemic. Complications associated with diabetes are life-threatening and the current standard of care for T1DM consists still of insulin injections. Lifesaving, exogenous insulin replacement is a chronic and costly burden of care for diabetic patients. Alternative therapeutic options have been the focus in these fields. Advances in molecular biology technologies and in microfabrication have enabled promising new therapeutic options. For example, islet transplantation has emerged as an effective treatment to restore the normal regulation of blood glucose in patients with T1DM. However, this technique has been hampered by obstacles, such as limited islet availability, extensive islet apoptosis, and poor islet vascular engraftment. Many of these unsolved issues need to be addressed before a potential cure for T1DM can be a possibility. New technologies like organ-on-a-chip platforms (OoC), multiplexed assessment tools and emergent stem cell approaches promise to enhance therapeutic outcomes. This review will introduce the disorder of type 1 diabetes mellitus, an overview of advances and challenges in the areas of microfluidic devices, monitoring tools, and prominent use of stem cells, and how they can be linked together to create a viable model for the T1DM treatment. Microfluidic devices like OoC platforms can establish a crucial platform for pathophysiological and pharmacological studies as they recreate the pancreatic environment. Stem cell use opens the possibility to hypothetically generate a limitless number of functional pancreatic cells. Additionally, the integration of stem cells into OoC models may allow personalized or patient-specific therapies.

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Section: Novel In Vitro Models–microfluidic Technologies Applications...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review on Advances and Challenges in Creating Insulin Producing Devices

et al. 2023

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“…[38] Hatada et al fabricated two GA biosensors using SPCE and interdigitated electrode (IDE) to detect Z-FK, a synthetic analog of e-FK released when GA is digested by protease. [61,66] However, this indirect sensing mechanism does not allow for precise quantification of GA across individuals. Various other studies have reported direct biosensors direct detection of GA, however their response range was outside the clinical relevant range for diabetes and also provided higher LOD than here.…”

Section: Chronoamperometric Deposition Of Au Nps Is Done Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

When Less Gold is More: Selective Attomolar Biosensing at the Nanoscale

Dastidar

Murugappan

Damry

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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The development of biosensors has become increasingly important to tackle the spread of potentially pandemic pathogens and for the decentralization of healthcare services. Despite progress, achieving selective detection of ultralow concentrations of biomarkers in complex fluids with point‐of‐care devices is a standing challenge. Here, an efficient material platform for the sensing of biomarkers down to attomolar concentrations with excellent selectivity and a tuneable linear response range is reported. It is demonstrated that by decreasing the Au nanoislands on an elsewhere passivated surface, it is possible to more than double their electrochemical response to low biomarker concentrations via a gate‐type mechanism. As an exemplary application, the first sensing of glycated albumin, a key biomarker for diabetes management, in clinically relevant levels by conjugation of a selective DNA aptamer to the Au nanoisland surface is showcased. With a limit of detection of 0.55 × 10−18 m, the excellent selectivity of this platform against nonspecific biomolecules is validated. This platform shows exceptional sensitivity and selectivity in mouse serum, further highlighting its potential for clinical utility. The versatility of this platform to detect other biomarkers, like miRNAs, is also showcased. These findings provide a flexible material platform for the scalable and low‐cost engineering of future point‐of‐care biosensors.

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“…To retrieve an electrical signal, an electron mediator is used: a ruthenium complex (hexaammineruthenium(III) chloride) accepts the electrons involved in the oxidation of

-FK, and is simultaneously reduced; then, by applying an oxidative potential to the counter electrode of the sensor, the mediator is oxidized back and the electrons collected at the working electrode generate a current that can be related to the concentration of

-FK present in the sample. In 2021, the same authors [ 99 ] modified the design of their biosensor by substituting the SPCE with an IDE, which highly ameliorated the sensitivity and reproducibility of the measurement by providing a higher magnitude of current and further reducing the time needed to reach a steady-state condition, which occurred almost instantaneously. The LOD for the synthetic version of the

-FK (i.e., Z-FK) dropped from 40

M to 1.2

M and the sensitivity, previously 0.49 nA/

M, reached 2.8 nA/

M. Figure 3 provides a schematic representation of the electrochemical enzymatic analysis of GA.…”

Section: Glycated Albumin Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Challenges in Diabetes Management: Towards Glycated Albumin Point-of-Care Detection

et al. 2022

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Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide-spread chronic metabolic disease that occurs when the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin levels or when the body fails to effectively use the secreted pancreatic insulin, eventually resulting in hyperglycemia. Systematic glycemic control is the only procedure at our disposal to prevent diabetes long-term complications such as cardiovascular disorders, kidney diseases, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Glycated albumin (GA) has recently gained more and more attention as a control biomarker thanks to its shorter lifespan and wider reliability compared to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), currently the “gold standard” for diabetes screening and monitoring in clinics. Various techniques such as ion exchange, liquid or affinity-based chromatography and immunoassay can be employed to accurately measure GA levels in serum samples; nevertheless, due to the cost of the lab equipment and complexity of the procedures, these methods are not commonly available at clinical sites and are not suitable to home monitoring. The present review describes the most up-to-date advances in the field of glycemic control biomarkers, exploring in particular the GA with a special focus on the recent experimental analysis techniques, using enzymatic and affinity methods. Finally, analysis steps and fundamental reading technologies are integrated into a processing pipeline, paving the way for future point-of-care testing (POCT). In this view, we highlight how this setup might be employed outside a laboratory environment to reduce the time from measurement to clinical decision, and to provide diabetic patients with a brand-new set of tools for glycemic self-monitoring.

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Development of an Interdigitated Electrode-Based Disposable Enzyme Sensor Strip for Glycated Albumin Measurement

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review on Advances and Challenges in Creating Insulin Producing Devices

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review on Advances and Challenges in Creating Insulin Producing Devices

When Less Gold is More: Selective Attomolar Biosensing at the Nanoscale

Analytical Challenges in Diabetes Management: Towards Glycated Albumin Point-of-Care Detection

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