Development of an in vitro screening test to evaluate the in vivo bioaccessibility of ingested mine-waste lead

Ruby, Michael V.; Davis, Andy; Link, Timothy E.; Schoof, Rosalind A.; Chaney, Rufus L.; Freeman, G. B.; Bergstrom, Paul D.

doi:10.1021/es00049a030

Cited by 330 publications

(287 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Carrizales et al 3: Hamel et al (1998Hamel et al ( , 1999 4: Ruby et al (1993) 5: Ruby et al (1996) 6: Ruby et al (1999) 7: Ruby (2004) 8: Dean (2010), Cave et al (2002) 9: Juhasz et al (2007) 10: Rasmussen et al (2008) 11: European Committee for Standardization (1995) 12. Drexler and Brattin (2007) 13.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between soil geochemistry and the bioaccessibility of trace elements in playground soil

Miguel

Mingot

Chacón

et al. 2012

Environ Geochem Health

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A total of 32 samples of surficial soil were collected from 16 playground areas in Madrid (Spain), in order to investigate the importance of the geochemistry of the soil on subsequent bioaccessibility of trace elements. The in vitro bioaccessibility of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn was evaluated by means of two extraction processes that simulate the gastric environment and one that reproduces a gastric + intestinal digestion sequence. The results of the in vitro bioaccessibility were compared against aqua regia extractions ("total" concentration), and it was found that total concentrations of As, Cu, Pb and Zn were double those of bioaccessible values, whilst that of Cr was ten times higher. Whereas the results of the gastric + intestinal extraction were affected by a high uncertainty, both gastric methods offered very similar and consistent results, with bioaccessibilities following the order:As -Cu -Pb -Zn > Co > Ni > Cr, and ranging from 63 to 7 %. Selected soil properties including pH, organic matter, Fe and CaCC>3 content were determined to assess their influence on trace element bioaccessibility, and it was found that Cu, Pb and Zn were predominantly bound to organic matter and, to a lesser extent, Fe oxides. The former fraction was readily accessible in the gastric solution, whereas Fe oxides seemed to recapture negatively charged chloride complexes of these elements in the gastric solution, lowering their bioaccessibility. The homogeneous pH of the playground soils included in the study does not influence trace element bioaccessibility to any significant extent except for Cr, where the very low gastric accessibility seems to be related to the strongly pH-dependent formation of complexes with organic matter. The results for As, which have been previously described and discussed in detail in Mingot et al. (Chemosphere 84: 1386-1391, indicate a high gastric bioaccessibility for this element as a consequence of its strong association with calcium carbonate and the ease with which these bonds are broken in the gastric solution. The calculation of risk assessments are therefore dependant on the methodology used and the specific environment they address. This has impacts on management strategies formulated to ensure that the most vulnerable of society, children, can live and play without adverse consequences to their health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between soil geochemistry and the bioaccessibility of trace elements in playground soil

Miguel

Mingot

Chacón

et al. 2012

Environ Geochem Health

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“…This in vitro method, which is used to predict the solubility of a metal under the acid conditions of the GI tract has been shown to model the uptake of Pb into the body when compared with an in vivo animal model Ruby et al, 1993).…”

Section: Chemical Speciation Metal Solubility and Bioavailabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban geochemistry: research strategies to assist risk assessment and remediation of brownfield sites in urban areas

Thornton

Farago

Thums

et al. 2008

Environ Geochem Health

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Urban geochemical maps of Wolverhampton and Nottingham, based on multielements analysis of surface soils, have shown distribution patterns of "total" metals concentrations relating to past and present industrial and domestic land use and transport systems. Several methods have been used to estimate the solubility and potential bioavailability of metals, their mineral forms and potential risks to urban population groups. These include sequential chemical extraction, soil pore water extraction and analysis, mineralogical analysis by scanning electron microscopy, source apportionment by lead isotope analysis, and the development of models to predict metal uptake by home grown vegetables and to provide an estimate of risk from metal consumption and exposure. The results from these research strategies have been integrated by GIS to provide data for future land use planning. KeywordsUrban geochemistry, Wolverhampton, Nottingham, risk assessment, brownfield, metals, chemical speciation, scanning electron microscopy, lead isotopes, predictive modelling of metal solubility and vegetable uptake.

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“…Most existing physiologically based in vitro extraction tests have been established to estimate bioaccessibility which is defined as the maximum amount of soil contaminant that is soluble in the digestive fluid and available for subsequent small intestinal absorption (Ruby et al, 1996). Physiologically based in vitro extraction tests have been suggested for potential use in health risk assessment of metal contaminated sites, particularly lead-contaminated sites (Davis et al, , 1997Ruby et al, 1992Ruby et al, , 1993Ruby et al, , 1996Gasser et al, 1996;Rodriguez et al, 1999;Ellickson et al, 2001;Oomen et al, 2003). In vitro methods have also been used to evaluate the effectiveness of soil remediation technologies (Yang et al, 2001(Yang et al, , 2002Scheckel and Ryan, 2003;Tang et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ageing on the bioaccessibility and fractionation of cadmium in some typical soils of China

Tang

Zhu

Cui

et al. 2006

Environment International

146

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Ingestion of contaminated soil has been recognized as an important exposure pathway of cadmium (Cd) for humans, especially for children through outdoor hand-to-mouth activities. The effect of ageing process following the input of Cd into soil on the bioaccessibility of Cd in five typical soils of China was investigated using physiologically based in vitro test in this study. A sequential extraction procedure was employed with attempt to identify the bioaccessible fraction(s) of Cd in soils. The bioaccessibility of Cd in strongly acidic (≈ pH 4.5) soils reached nearly steady levels (76.5-76.9% and 52.0-52.6% in the gastric and small intestinal phases, respectively) after a sharp decline in the first week of ageing. In contrast, the bioaccessibility of Cd in higher pH (N 6.0) soils was found to be much lower (53.3-72.7% and 29.9-43.4% in gastric and small intestinal phases, respectively) and took 2 weeks of ageing to reach steady levels. The freshly spiked Cd was more labile than native Cd. The main proportion of spiked Cd was found in exchangeable Cd which was higher in strongly acidic soils (68.6-71.8%) than in higher pH soils (53.4-61.4%) at day 120 after a sharp decline to the nearly steady state in the first 1 and 2 weeks, respectively. Significant correlations between Cd bioaccessibility and either water soluble and exchangeable Cd individually, or the sum of water soluble and exchangeable Cd throughout the incubation period for all soils, indicate that these forms of Cd are likely to constitute the main proportion of bioaccessible Cd in soils.

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Development of an in vitro screening test to evaluate the in vivo bioaccessibility of ingested mine-waste lead

Cited by 330 publications

References 29 publications

The relationship between soil geochemistry and the bioaccessibility of trace elements in playground soil

The relationship between soil geochemistry and the bioaccessibility of trace elements in playground soil

Urban geochemistry: research strategies to assist risk assessment and remediation of brownfield sites in urban areas

The effect of ageing on the bioaccessibility and fractionation of cadmium in some typical soils of China

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