Development of an in vitro model for premature neonatal skin: Biophysical characterization using transepidermal water loss

Sekkat, Nabila; Guy, Richard H.

doi:10.1002/jps.20195

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…There were also other factors, which might cause ox-idative stress in these infants in addition to oxygen treatment being in the first place. Furthermore, since the skin was still immature, phototherapy may have the tendency to create more oxidant stress in this age group (18). Similar to the result of the present study, Ayyappan et al (2015) (17) showed that GSH level in plasma significantly decreased after phototherapy compared to before phototherapy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effects of Phototherapy on Antioxidant Status of Preterm and Term Infants with Hyperbilirubinemia

et al. 2016

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Objectives: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of phototherapy on antioxidant status of preterm and term infants with hyperbilirubinemia. Methods:Term and preterm infants were divided to three groups; group 1: 28 to < 32 weeks, group 2: 32 to < 37 weeks, and group 3: term infants hospitalized due to jaundice requiring phototherapy during the first to ninth day of life . Fifty-six infants were included in this study. Levels of serum total bilirubin, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and catalase were measured before and 24 hours after phototherapy.Results: It was found that the reduced glutathione levels in group 1 including preterm infants decreased significantly after phototherapy. It was observed that levels of malondialdehyde increased significantly in term infants compared to preterm infants in group 1 and group 2. It was observed that the decreases in bilirubin and superoxide dismutase enzyme were correlated in group 2 preterm infants and group 3 term infants.Conclusions: Phototherapy did not significantly affect the antioxidant level in the present study. The fact that there was a significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase levels after phototherapy only in group 1 preterm infants suggests that more attention should be paid when phototherapy is used in this age group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effects of Phototherapy on Antioxidant Status of Preterm and Term Infants with Hyperbilirubinemia

et al. 2016

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“…TEWL values obtained from samples are also listed in table 1. Twenty tape strips for moderately compromised and 25-30 tape strips for highly compromised skin was sufficient to achieve the desired compromise level/TEWL based on literature review [17]. Samples with heat-separated epidermis were used to represent the maximum possible damage to the skin barrier and maximum achievable TEWL (table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With this consideration, we tried to find the optimum number of tape strips that would result in a skin thickness for which the TEWL would match the published TEWL values from premature infants. Correlating TEWL with SC thickness, Sekkat et al [17] presented a model to predict the barrier development level of a premature neonate based on its postconceptional age. Superposition of the in vivo TEWL data for premature infants, gestational age, and SC thickness in the model of Sekkat et al [17] revealed that (a) for moderately compromised skin, premature infants at 29-31 weeks of gestational age possess 40-60% of full SC thickness and the corresponding TEWL was in a range of 10-20 g/m 2 /h.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Correlating TEWL with SC thickness, Sekkat et al [17] presented a model to predict the barrier development level of a premature neonate based on its postconceptional age. Superposition of the in vivo TEWL data for premature infants, gestational age, and SC thickness in the model of Sekkat et al [17] revealed that (a) for moderately compromised skin, premature infants at 29-31 weeks of gestational age possess 40-60% of full SC thickness and the corresponding TEWL was in a range of 10-20 g/m 2 /h. (b) For highly compromised skin, TEWL measurements corresponding to SC thickness are estimated to be 30-35 g/m 2 /h.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An in vitro Skin Penetration Model for Compromised Skin: Estimating Penetration of Polyethylene Glycol [<sup>14</sup>C]-PEG-7 Phosphate

Dey

Rothe²,

Page³

et al. 2014

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Background/Aims: Establishing dermal penetration rates is important to better understand the safety of topically applied materials, especially for premature infant skin with compromised skin barrier function. Skin prematurity involves thinner stratum corneum and underdeveloped epidermis/dermis resulting in decreased barrier function, higher transepidermal water loss and greater chemical penetration, when compared to healthy full-term neonate/adult skin. Methods: We developed an in vitro skin penetration model using human ex vivo skin to estimate penetration for premature/compromised skin barrier conditions by tape stripping. Skin barrier deficiency was characterized by transepidermal water loss. Baby wipe lotion containing 5 mg/cm² [¹⁴C]-PEG-7 phosphate was applied 5 times to human skin samples of intact, moderately or highly compromised skin barrier and once at 25 mg/cm² over 24 h. Results: Overall penetration of [¹⁴C]-PEG-7 phosphate was low (<5%) even for highly compromised skin. The absorption rate was higher (p < 0.001) for compromised skin versus intact skin. No significant difference was seen between moderately and highly compromised skin by repeated dosing. Under single-dose conditions, penetration through highly compromised skin was significantly higher compared to intact skin (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Our model demonstrates that even under highly compromised skin conditions, penetration of [¹⁴C]-PEG-7 phosphate is low (<5%) and only 4-6 times higher compared to mature/intact skin and does not approach 100%. Penetration was unaffected by single or multiple dosing conditions.

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“…However, while infants with poor barrier function have been successfully identified with this approach, the test remains qualitative. Further research took the view that the epidermis of preterm infants resembles "the stripped skin of an adult" and attempted to develop a model for pre-term skin based on tape-stripped pig ear skin [102][103]. The key advantage of the approach was the quantification of barrier impairment using TEWL ( A further question concerns variability and the challenge to achieve the appropriate drug input rate in neonates with different levels of skin maturity and different dose requirements.…”

Section: Models For Paediatric Skin Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective use of transdermal drug delivery in children

Delgado‐Charro

Guy

2014

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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Development of an in vitro model for premature neonatal skin: Biophysical characterization using transepidermal water loss

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of Phototherapy on Antioxidant Status of Preterm and Term Infants with Hyperbilirubinemia

Effects of Phototherapy on Antioxidant Status of Preterm and Term Infants with Hyperbilirubinemia

An in vitro Skin Penetration Model for Compromised Skin: Estimating Penetration of Polyethylene Glycol [<sup>14</sup>C]-PEG-7 Phosphate

Effective use of transdermal drug delivery in children

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