Development of an immune-related prognostic index associated with hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract

Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), an inflammation-associated cancer induced by a variety of etiological factors, is still one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers in human population. In this study, the expression profiles of immune-related genes (IRGs) were integrated with the overall survival (OS) of 378 LIHC patients based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Moreover, the differentially expressed and survival related IRGs among LIHC patients were predicted through the computational difference algorithm and COX regression analysis. As a result, 7 genes, including HSPA4, S100A10, FABP6, CACYBP, HDAC1, FCGR2B and SHC1, were retrieved to construct a predictive model associated with the overall survival (OS) of LIHC patients. Typically, the as-constructed model performed moderately in predicting prognosis, which was also correlated with tumor grade. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the genes of high-risk group were actively involved in mRNA binding and the spliceosome pathway. Intriguingly, the prognostic index established based on IRGs reflected infiltration by multiple types of immunocytes. Our findings screen several IRGs with clinical significance, reveal the drivers of immune repertoire, and illustrate the importance of a personalized, IRG-based immune signature in LIHC recognition, surveillance, and prognosis prediction.

Comprehensive analysis of prognostic tumor microenvironment-related genes in osteosarcoma patients

“…FCGR2B, GFAP, and MPP7 were identified and validated as OS-related biomarkers, while CYP2S1 and ICAM3 were DFS-related biomarkers. The role of these genes in tumor prognosis had been widely reported in previous studies [ 36 – 40 ]. FCGR2B has been confirmed as an immune-related gene previously [ 41 ].…”

“…FCGR2B has been confirmed as an immune-related gene previously [ 41 ]. Although the relationship between FCGR2B and prognosis in sarcoma patients had not been reported, the prognostic value of FCGR2B had been widely confirmed in other cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and glioblastoma [ 36 , 42 ]. In addition, New M et.al [ 37 ] demonstrated that MPP7 is novel regulators of autophagy, which was thought to be responsible for the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.…”

Three Genes Predict Prognosis in Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer

“…To estimate the prognostic value of the risk score model, we plotted 3- and 5-year receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) using the survival and time R packages. Finally, univariate and multivariate independent factor prognostic analyses were used to assess whether the signature could predict patient prognosis independent of clinical characteristics such as age, grade, stage, lymphatic invasion, and subdivision ( Hu et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Tumor Immune Estimation Resource contains seven modules: gene, survival, mutation, SCNA, diff exp, correlation, and estimation ( Hu et al, 2020 ). In this study, we used the gene, survival, and SCNA modules to evaluate the association between prognostic biomarkers and immune cell infiltration.…”

“…Moreover, prognostic DEGs were identified by comprehensive analysis. Finally, we analyzed immune infiltration, the association between somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) and immune infiltrates, and the prognosis of various immune cells using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) 2 ( Hu et al, 2020 ).…”