Development of an Exhaust Driven Turbine-Generator Integrated Gas Energy Recovery System (TIGERS<sup>®</sup>)

Haughton, Andrew; Dickinson, A. E. F.

doi:10.4271/2014-01-1873

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Recent developments in boosting systems have led to increased responsiveness and reduction of “turbo lag” as well as significant increases in the low-speed torque in the 1000- to 1500-r/min range 4,5 through improved matching of the air handling system and the engine. Additional solutions, such as electrified turbochargers, 6 separate electrified boosting and compounding devices, 7–9 and other forms of positive displacement 10 and, specifically, piston 11–13 compounding, that could facilitate light-duty exhaust compounding and transient responsiveness have been explored recently. These all provide a path to allow energy recovered from the second expansion that is not required by the first compression to be added to the crank output or otherwise stored for later use and offer interesting alternatives to the forms of compounding explored in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring light-duty internal combustion engine boosting and exhaust compounding strategies

Andruskiewicz

Durrett

Gopalakrishnan

et al. 2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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A set of two-cylinder engine concepts utilizing a supercharger and piston-compounding or turbine-compounding were compared to a supercharged, non-compounded engine modeled with a consistent methodology. The goals of this simulation were to utilize energy that otherwise would be bypassed around the turbine side of a turbocharger and redirect it to the crankshaft. Following previous modeling work on a different piston-compounded engine, the gains in performance and efficiency for these concepts were thoroughly analyzed to provide insight into the magnitudes and responsible mechanisms. It was found that the second expansion process from exhaust-compounding was able to significantly improve engine performance at moderate to high loads, but the level of benefits and low-load performance were highly dependent on the compounding technique.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring light-duty internal combustion engine boosting and exhaust compounding strategies

Andruskiewicz

Durrett

Gopalakrishnan

et al. 2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Moreover, as already mentioned, the exhaust gas turbine employed in a hybrid propulsion system should work under almost steady state conditions, which is why a torque/current control on the generator would allow the machine to operate at its best efficiency speed ratio, regardless of the power produced. The only turbine generator products present on the market or studied until now are composed of a radial turbine for turbocharging applications connected to an electric generator [30][31][32], and are designed exclusively to supply the vehicle's electric accessories, thus producing a very limited power output (i.e., 6 kW). Due to the lack of adequate products both in the literature and on the market, and according to the previous considerations, the authors assumed that in the compound engine, the turbine works with an almost constant speed ratio, regardless of the power produced, and hence with an almost constant efficiency η T .…”

Section: Separated Electric Compound Spark Ignition Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency Advantages of the Separated Electric Compound Propulsion System for CNG Hybrid Vehicles

Pipitone

Caltabellotta

2021

Energies

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As is widely known, internal combustion engines are not able to complete the expansion process of the gas inside the cylinder, causing theoretical energy losses in the order of 20%. Several systems and methods have been proposed and implemented to recover the unexpanded gas energy, such as turbocharging, which partially exploits this energy to compress the fresh intake charge, or turbo-mechanical and turbo-electrical compounding, where the amount of unexpanded gas energy not used by the compressor is dedicated to propulsion or is transformed into electric energy. In all of these cases, however, maximum efficiency improvements between 4% and 9% have been achieved. In this work, the authors deal with an alternative propulsion system composed of a CNG-fueled spark ignition engine equipped with a turbine-generator specifically dedicated to unexpanded exhaust gas energy recovery and with a separated electrically driven turbocompressor. The system was conceived specifically for hybrid propulsion architectures, with the electric energy produced by the turbine generator being easily storable in the on-board energy storage system and re-usable for vehicle traction. The proposed separated electric turbo-compound system has not been studied in the scientific literature, nor have its benefits ever been analyzed. In this paper, the performances of the analyzed turbo-compound system are evaluated and compared with a traditional reference turbocharged engine from a hybrid application perspective. It is demonstrated that separated electric compounding has great potential, with promising overall efficiency advantages: fuel consumption reductions of up to 15% are estimated for the same power output level.

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“…Stated another way, in steady-state, the first compression work must always match the second expansion work for the turbocharger shaft to be in equilibrium; no additional expansion work from the second expansion can be used to improve efficiency. Additional solutions that could facilitate light-duty exhaust compounding and transient responsiveness have been explored recently, such as electrified turbochargers, 8 separate electrified boosting and compounding devices, 9,10,11 and other forms of positive displacement 12 and specifically piston 1,13,14 compounding. These all provide a path to allow energy recovered from the second expansion that is not required by the first compression to be added to the crank output or otherwise stored for later use, and offer interesting alternatives to the forms of compounding explored in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-duty single and multi-shaft boosting and compounding studies with in-cylinder insulation

Andruskiewicz

Durrett

Gopalakrishnan

et al. 2020

International Journal of Engine Research

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A set of two-cylinder engine concepts utilizing a supercharger and piston- or turbine-compounding were compared to a turbocharged engine modeled with a consistent methodology developed in previous works. In-cylinder insulation was added to each of the engines to evaluate the effects on performance. The goals of this simulation were to utilize energy that otherwise would be bypassed around the turbine side of a turbocharger and redirect it to the crankshaft, as well as to redirect energy that would previously have entered the coolant into the exhaust gases where it could be reclaimed by a second expansion process. Gains in performance and efficiency were thoroughly analyzed to provide insight into the magnitudes and mechanisms responsible. It was found that the second expansion process from exhaust-compounding was able to significantly improve engine performance at moderate to high loads, as well as compensate for the loss in volumetric efficiency that accompanies in-cylinder insulation. The piston-compounded single-shaft DCDE was able to outperform the turbocharged multi-shaft DCDE at mid to high loads, and in maximum brake power due to the low losses in the coupled nature of the second expansion, while the turbine-compounded engine suffers higher losses due to the turbomachinery mismatch with the positive displacement power cylinders.

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Development of an Exhaust Driven Turbine-Generator Integrated Gas Energy Recovery System (TIGERS^®)

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Exploring light-duty internal combustion engine boosting and exhaust compounding strategies

Exploring light-duty internal combustion engine boosting and exhaust compounding strategies

Efficiency Advantages of the Separated Electric Compound Propulsion System for CNG Hybrid Vehicles

Light-duty single and multi-shaft boosting and compounding studies with in-cylinder insulation

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Development of an Exhaust Driven Turbine-Generator Integrated Gas Energy Recovery System (TIGERS®)

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Exploring light-duty internal combustion engine boosting and exhaust compounding strategies

Exploring light-duty internal combustion engine boosting and exhaust compounding strategies

Efficiency Advantages of the Separated Electric Compound Propulsion System for CNG Hybrid Vehicles

Light-duty single and multi-shaft boosting and compounding studies with in-cylinder insulation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Development of an Exhaust Driven Turbine-Generator Integrated Gas Energy Recovery System (TIGERS^®)