Development of an Ethanol-Fueled Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle

Dodge, Lee G.; Shouse, K.; Grogan, Joe; Leone, Douglas M.; Whitney, Kevin A.; Merritt, Patrick M.

doi:10.4271/981358

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Injection systems are lubricated by the fuel itself. When ethanol fuel is substituted for diesel, the lubricant must be supplied within the fuel to provide lubrication of the fuel injection pump and injectors . A lubricant which mixes freely with ethanol should be chosen.…”

Section: Lubricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental and simulation study of performance and emission of ethanol fueled direct injection in high compression ignition engine

Murugasen

AnnurSrinivasan

2015

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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This research article mainly focuses on the influence of split injection (split into three injections) technique that was used to improve the ethanol fuel combustion in high compression ignition (CI) mode, with and without zirconia surface coating. This experimental and simulation was used (95% ethanol +5% water) as a fuel in a four‐stroke single‐cylinder variable compression ratio (VCR) engine. The VCR engine was used with optimized compression ratio (28.8:1) and experimental conducted on various load conditions. Performance and exhaust emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions of diesel, ethanol fuel single and split injection mode with coating and without coating were compared. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of split injection with coating mode was better than single injection mode. The VCR engine operating with ethanol fuel split injection mode showed peak BTE of 29%, which is nearly operating range in the baseline diesel engine. Ethanol fuel was mixed with 3% castorene R40 (lubrication oil) oil by volume due to fully soluble in alcohol fuels. It is used both air and liquid cooled engines running on methanol and ethanol fuel. Ethanol fuel split injection simulation was reduction of NOx compared with single injection simulation mode of operation. In comparison of diesel mode operation with zirconia coating was 3.8% increased than without coating. Ethanol single injection with coating CO emissions various from 0.5 to 3.0 g/kW‐hr. Ethanol split injection with coating mode CO emission various from 0.29 to 2.4 g/kW‐hr. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Section: Lubricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental and simulation study of performance and emission of ethanol fueled direct injection in high compression ignition engine

Murugasen

AnnurSrinivasan

2015

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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“…Some of the studies that compared particulate matter size distributions for biodiesel and conventional diesel fuel did not optimize the engine performance for the respective fuels. Ethanol is a biobased renewable and oxygenated fuel that has been the subject of several studies − reporting improvement in engine performance and reductions in emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. However, several of these studies were carried out on gasoline and diesel engines with combustion systems and control technologies optimized for conventional fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Biofuels on Nanoparticle Emissions from Spark- and Compression-ignited Single-cylinder Engines with Same Exhaust Displacement Volume

et al. 2009

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Nanosized particles emitted from automotive engines continue to attract concern because of their adverse health effects and their impact on the environment. Automotive engines are a major source of fine and ultrafine particles emitted into the atmosphere. Through stricter emission regulations and the introduction of advanced technologies, the specific particulate mass emissions (in g/km and g/kWh) from internal combustion engines have decreased by about 1 order of magnitude since the 1980s. However, the number concentration of nanoparticles (No./m 3 ) emitted from internal combustion engines may continue to increase considerably and has recently attracted the attention of the Particle Measurement Programme (PMP). This program is intended to evaluate engine nanoparticle measurement systems for use in future emission regulations. In the study reported in this paper, two latest-generation engines, one spark-ignited and the other compression-ignited, were used for a comparison of the particulate emission characteristics, including number density. Both engines were single-cylinder with the same displacement volume of 500 cm 3 , and neither included after-treatment traps or catalytic converters. Test fuels used for the study were: gasoline and E85 (mixture of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline, sometimes called gasohol) for the spark-ignited engine having a compression ratio of 10; and ultralow sulfur diesel (ULSD) and BD100 (100% biodiesel, i.e. soybean methyl ester) for the compression-ignited engine having a compression ratio of 15. A fast-response particle spectrometer (DMS500) with heated sample line was used for continuous measurement of the particle size and number distribution in the size range of 5-1000 nm (aerodynamic diameter). The experimental results showed that particle number peaked within the range of 10-300 nm under all engine operating conditions, regardless of engine combustion type. An observed shift toward larger particle size with increasing engine load could be explained by particle coagulation. The effect of the different fuels on nanoparticle size distributions was dependent on the engine type (spark-ignition or compression-ignition).

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“…Ethanol fuel has been shown in copious works to offer so me significant benefits over gasoline. Ethanol have high octane rating and it gives the ability to operate at higher co mpression ratios without pre-ignition [13], ethanol have greater latent heat of vaporization g ives a higher charge density through increased charge cooling [14] and ethanol's higher laminar flame speed and lower flammability limit allo ws it to be run with leaner, or more dilute, air fuel mixtures [15]. In addit ion, ethanol fuels generally yield lower criteria pollutant emissions than gasoline [16,17], lower evaporative emissions due to somewhat lo wer vapor pressures [18] and when certain renewable feedstock's are used, lower life cycle greenhouse gas emissions [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of an Ultra-Lean Combustion Studies in IC Engines

Puli

Gandhi

Kumar

et al. 2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. An investigation was made to determine the effects of ethanol at ultra-lean effective systems utilizing an experimental study. T he present study is planned to develop and evaluate the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of the ultra-lean burn Internal Combustion engine was modified to operate on ethanol blends fuels. T he study looked at part throttle, constant speed operation of 0%, 10%, and 15% ethanol blends with gasoline mixtures operating in ultra-lean operating systems. In experiment practice the use of homogeneous lean mixtures in engine has been handicapped by several difficulties. T he most serious one is that the flame propagation through mixtures becomes gradually slower as the mixture becomes leaner. T he mixture distribution in a multi-cylinder engine is a problem because even small variation in mixture ratio on the linear side will strongly effect power output. Enhancement of lean combustion of homogeneous mixtures can be achieved by (i) using ethanol blends with gasoline (ii) using high-ignition energy (iii) providing high compression ratios (iv) creating high swirl in the combustion chamber.

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Development of an Ethanol-Fueled Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

An experimental and simulation study of performance and emission of ethanol fueled direct injection in high compression ignition engine

An experimental and simulation study of performance and emission of ethanol fueled direct injection in high compression ignition engine

Effect of Biofuels on Nanoparticle Emissions from Spark- and Compression-ignited Single-cylinder Engines with Same Exhaust Displacement Volume

Performance Evaluation of an Ultra-Lean Combustion Studies in IC Engines

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