Development of an electrostatic levitator for neutron diffraction structure analysis

Aoki, Hirokatsu; Paradis, Paul‐François; Ishikawa, Takehiko; Aoyama, Tomotsugu; Masaki, Tadahiko; Yoda, S.; Ishii, Yoshinobu; Itami, Toshio

doi:10.1063/1.1531824

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…below the equilibrium melting temperature). Recently, these levitation techniques have been used for laboratory X-ray, synchrotron and neutron scattering studies of these supercooled liquids (Masaki et al, 2007;Egry & Holland-Moritz, 2011;Gangopadhyay et al, 2005;Mauro & Kelton, 2011;Krishnan et al, 1997;Aoki et al, 2003). Owing to surface-tension effects, the liquids are nearly spherical in shape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Calculation of absorption and secondary scattering of X-rays by spherical amorphous materials in an asymmetric transmission geometry

2013

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Expressions for absorption and the secondary scattering intensity ratio are presented for a small beam impinging off-center of a spherical amorphous sample. Large gradients in the absorption correction are observed from small offsets from the central axis. Additionally, the secondary scattering intensity ratio causes an intensity asymmetry in the detector image. The secondary scattering intensity ratio is presented in integral form and must be computed numerically. An analytic, small-angle, asymptotic series solution for the integral form of the absorption correction is also presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Calculation of absorption and secondary scattering of X-rays by spherical amorphous materials in an asymmetric transmission geometry

2013

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“…Experiments. Vacuum electrostatic levitation furnace was also developed for the structural study of materials above the melting point as well as in undercooled phase by neutron scattering [33,34] and synchrotron radiation [35].…”

Section: Atomic Structure Characterization By Neutron Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Processing Combining Electrostatic Levitation and Laser Heating: Application to Terrestrial Analogues of Asteroid Materials

Paradis

Ishikawa

Watanabe

et al. 2011

Advances in Optical Technologies

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Electrostatic levitation combined with laser heating is becoming a mature technique that has been used for several fundamental and applied studies in fluid and materials sciences (synthesis, property determination, solidification studies, atomic dynamic studies, etc.). This is attributable to the numerous processing conditions (containerless, wide heating temperature range, cooling rates, atmospheric compositions, etc.) that levitation and radiative heating offer, as well as to the variety of diagnostics tools that can be used. In this paper, we describe the facility, highlighting the combined advantages of electrostatic levitation and laser processing. The various capabilities of the facility are discussed and are exemplified with the measurements of the density of selected iron-nickel alloys taken over the liquid phase.

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“…More recently, electromagnetic levitation has been used to study the structures of undercooled metallic liquids using x-ray 14 and neutron 15 diffraction and the feasibility of using ESL for neutron scattering measurements has been demonstrated. 16 The use of high energy x-rays from a synchrotron source offers tremendous benefits for structural studies on ESLlevitated samples. First and foremost, high energy x-rays are required for full penetration of the levitated samples, which are typically 2 -3 mm in diameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beamline electrostatic levitator for in situ high energy x-ray diffraction studies of levitated solids and liquids

Gangopadhyay

Lee

Kelton

et al. 2005

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Determinations of the phase formation sequence, crystal structures and the thermo-physical properties of materials at high temperatures are hampered by contamination from the sample container and environment. Containerless processing techniques, such as electrostatic (ESL), electromagnetic, aerodynamic, and acoustic levitation, are most suitable for these studies. An adaptation of ESL for in situ structural studies of a wide range of materials using high energy (30–130keV) x rays at a synchrotron source is described here. This beamline ESL (BESL) allows the in situ determination of the atomic structures of equilibrium solid and liquid phases, undercooled liquids and time-resolved studies of solid-solid and liquid-solid phase transformations. The use of area detectors enables the rapid acquisition of complete diffraction patterns over a wide range (0.5–14Å−1) of reciprocal space. The wide temperature range (300–2500K), containerless processing environment under high vacuum (10−7–10−8Torr), and fast data acquisition capability, make BESL particularly well suited for phase stability studies of high temperature solids and liquids. An additional, but important, feature of BESL is the capability for simultaneous measurements of a host of thermo-physical properties including the specific heat, enthalpy of transformation, solidus and liquidus temperatures, density, viscosity, and surface tension, all on the same sample during the structural measurements.

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Development of an electrostatic levitator for neutron diffraction structure analysis

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Calculation of absorption and secondary scattering of X-rays by spherical amorphous materials in an asymmetric transmission geometry

Calculation of absorption and secondary scattering of X-rays by spherical amorphous materials in an asymmetric transmission geometry

Hybrid Processing Combining Electrostatic Levitation and Laser Heating: Application to Terrestrial Analogues of Asteroid Materials

Beamline electrostatic levitator for in situ high energy x-ray diffraction studies of levitated solids and liquids

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