Development of an Autonomous Light Control Algorithm with a Simulation Model of a Container Terminal

Steinbacher, Lennart M.; Trapp, Markus; Klockgether, Konrad; Freitag, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2020.11.038

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These objectives are achievable through developing a control algorithm and scheduling [10][11][12]. More so, terminal equipment efficiency, automation, and data integration as one of the key operational bottlenecks were widely used to improve container terminal productivity [13,14].…”

Section: Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Container Terminal Productivity with Knowledge about Future Transport Modes: A Theoretical Agent-Based Modelling Approach

Mazloumi

Hassel

2021

Sustainability

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Despite all the achievements in improving container terminal performance in terms of equipment and container stacking systems (CSS), terminal operators are still facing several challenges. One of these challenges is the lack of information about further transportation modes of the container, which leads to extra movements of the container inside the stacking area. Hence, we aimed to examine factors that affect container handling processes and to evaluate a container terminal’s overall equipment effectiveness. This study used data from a container terminal at the Port of Antwerp, Belgium. An agent-based model was developed based on a block-stacking strategy to investigate two scenarios: (1) having information about further transportation modes and (2) a base scenario. The Overall Equipment Effectiveness Index (OEE) was also adopted to evaluate the container terminal’s effectiveness in both scenarios. Results showed that having information on further transportation mode significantly increased the container outflow, and the OEE index improved compared to the base scenario’s results. Therefore, we recommend an integrated data-sharing system where all the stakeholders can share their information with no fear of losing their market share.

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Section: Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Container Terminal Productivity with Knowledge about Future Transport Modes: A Theoretical Agent-Based Modelling Approach

Mazloumi

Hassel

2021

Sustainability

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“…Among others, Cimpeanu et al in [8] present a discrete event simulation model for the analysis of bulk carrier handling operations and evaluate the efficacy in terms of performances of long-term investment. In [9], Steinbacher et al perform several simulation experiments to analyse possible power savings of autonomous lighting control systems by varying the utilization rate of a container terminal. A simulation study for analysing the impact of mega ships' arrivals in a terminal of the Ligurian port system on the dwell time of the containers is proposed by Musso and Sciomachen in [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating Operating Performance of Alternative Configurations of LNG Bunkering Stations

Bruzzone

Sciomachen

2023

Sustainability

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Recently, due to the great need to promote environmentally sustainable maritime transport, alternative energy sources to traditional fossil fuels have been proposed to reduce ship emissions. Among few alternative scenarios, most experts recognize Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as the most promising solution in the short to medium term. However, there are still some critical issues related to the future expansion of bunkering stations and the LNG-fuelled fleet. Firstly, there is the need for a sufficiently extensive international network of bunkering facilities. Secondly, the layout and location of bunkering stations impact the efficiency of ship bunkering operations, cost reduction and the safety of the surrounding areas. Last, the in-progress Russian-Ukrainian conflict is causing serious unbalances in gas supply and prices, especially for Europe. Specifically, in the case of Italy, gas imports represent the seventh most imported commodity. Due to the changed geopolitical scenarios, interest has arisen in investigating the technical and operational characteristics of LNG bunkering stations and comparing different configurations with a view to increasing Italy’s independence from other foreign countries, focusing on degasifies that could promote new infrastructures that make available LNG in ports. In this paper we highlight the importance of reducing ship emissions and investigate some technical and operational characteristics of LNG bunkering stations. We present a simulation study to analyse quantitatively the operating performance of different LNG bunkering technologies in a port terminal and their impact on the efficiency and overall cost within the whole goods’ supply chain. In particular, we evaluate and compare bunkering time, throughput and refuelling costs in alternative layouts, referring to marine terminals located near urban areas. The aim of this research is to verify whether ports with infrastructure embedded in metropolitan areas could provide, safely, a valuable contribution to the green transition by efficiently handling an adequate level of LNG supply, especially referring to the present Italian interest in increasing independence from foreign countries. For this purpose, we present four dynamic discrete event simulations of all the main LNG bunkering configurations and present their dynamic performance sampled over two consecutive years after a warmup period of 6 months. The simulation conceptual models have been created by the authors based on analyses of those configurations and then processed and implemented within the simulation software Witness Horizon 23®, used for experimentation. This is the first time that a simulation study is presented for comparing different configuration of LNG bunkering stations. The results presented here confirm that simulation is a key science to address these complex problems and it represents a major added value for the development of new infrastructures embedded in supply chains and able to favour green transition. Concerning the present study, the simulation output reveals that, although the increase in the price of LNG over the past year has had a strong negative impact on the propensity to activate LNG refuelling stations at maritime terminals, Truck-To-Ship, or Ship-to-Ship with small feeder ships, and Port-To-Ship configurations appear to be flexible and particularly suitable for port terminals located near urban areas. However, the final the choice of the most suitable LNG bunkering station requires further and specific inside investigation as well as considerations on the Decision Maker Strategies and Attitudes.

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Reducing Ship’s Energy Consumption through Accommodation and Cargo Spaces Lights Automation

Dimitranov

Belev

2023

JMSE

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The effective use of energy proposes using less energy to achieve the same goal. The International Maritime Organization started using criteria for ship’s energy efficiency in 2013, when the new International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, Annex VI, was adopted. The purpose of the Annex is to improve the ships’ energy efficiency through the use of new technologies such as improved hull design, and new propulsion systems, including innovations in energy management. One of the topics for improving the car carriers’ energy efficiency is the constantly working lights in the superstructure and on the car decks. Lights’ energy consumption may be negligible on most ships, but on car carriers, the consumption is of greater magnitude. This article presents a survey of the improvement of energy consumption on board a car carrier during regular voyages as well as the cost-effectiveness of introducing light control automation. The authors of this article review an example of light automation set up to control the lights in a ship’s superstructure and on the car decks. The implementation of such a system and the different types of automation are also reviewed. This research is towards new regulations, established by Maritime Environment Protection Committee and implemented in shipping since 1 November 2022. Conclusions for practical use are extracted.

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Development of an Autonomous Light Control Algorithm with a Simulation Model of a Container Terminal

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Improvement of Container Terminal Productivity with Knowledge about Future Transport Modes: A Theoretical Agent-Based Modelling Approach

Improvement of Container Terminal Productivity with Knowledge about Future Transport Modes: A Theoretical Agent-Based Modelling Approach

Simulating Operating Performance of Alternative Configurations of LNG Bunkering Stations

Reducing Ship’s Energy Consumption through Accommodation and Cargo Spaces Lights Automation

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