Development of an Autonomous Endoscopically Implantable Submucosal Microdevice Capable of Neurostimulation in the Gastrointestinal Tract

Abstract

Gastric dysmotility can be a sign of common diseases such as longstanding diabetes mellitus. It is known that the application of high-frequency low-energetic stimulation can help to effectively moderate and alleviate the symptoms of gastric dysmotility. The goal of our research was the development of a miniature, endoscopically implantable device to a submucosal pocket. The implantable device is a fully customized electronics package which was specifically designed for the purpose of experiments in the submucosa. The device was endoscopically inserted into the submucosal pocket of a pig stomach and partially severed pig side in order to adequately simulate a live animal model. The experiment confirmed that the designed device can be implanted into the submucosa and is capable of the measurement of sensor data and the transmission of this data wirelessly in real time to a computer outside of the body. After proving that the device can be implanted submucosally and transmit data, further experiments can now be performed, primarily with an electrogastrography (EGG) instrument and implantable device with tissue stimulation capability.

Wirelessly Powered Endoscopically Implantable Devices into the Submucosa as the Possible Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

“…Neurostimulation of LES using endoscopically implanted leads exteriorized transnasally was also assessed and was successful, resulting in significant increase in LES pressure with no complaints of dysphagia [4]. Research has already proven that it is possible to implant a miniature neurostimulator into the submucosa [13, 14]. This research provides a scope for further improvements regarding power management (especially the option of wireless power device without battery), conforming to the rules and regulations for medical implants and wireless communication and the possibility of bipolar neuroelectrostimulation.…”