Development of an automated wax-printed paper-based lateral flow device for alpha-fetoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Preechakasedkit, Pattarachaya; Siangproh, Weena; Khongchareonporn, Nanthika; Ngamrojanavanich, Nattaya; Chailapakul, Orawon

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2017.10.051

Cited by 158 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Passive fluid control systems do not require external inputs, are typically easier to fabricate than active control systems, and often do not require any additional equipment when operating the device, which makes them better-suited for POC applications. In their simplest form, changing channel geometry (i.e., width and length) leads to changes in fluid flow [29,[31][32][33][34][35]. However, these techniques have a limited range of fluid control [6,31,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wax-Printed Fluidic Time Delays for Automating Multi-Step Assays in Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices (MicroPADs)

et al. 2019

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Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (microPADs) have emerged as a promising platform for point-of-care diagnostic devices. While the inherent wicking properties of microPADs allow for fluid flow without supporting equipment, this also presents a major challenge in achieving robust fluid control, which becomes especially important when performing complex multi-step assays. Herein, we describe an ideal method of fluid control mediated by wax-printed fluidic time delays. This method relies on a simple fabrication technique, does not utilize chemicals/reagents that could affect downstream assays, is readily scalable, and has a wide temporal range of tunable fluid control. The delays are wax printed on both the top and bottom of pre-fabricated microPAD channels, without subsequent heating, to create hemi-/fully-enclosed channels. With these wax printed delays, we were able to tune the time it took aqueous solutions to wick across a 25 mm-long channel between 3.6 min and 13.4 min. We then employed these fluid delays in the sequential delivery of four dyes to a test zone. Additionally, we demonstrated the automation of two simple enzymatic assays with this fluid control modality. This method of fluid control may allow future researchers to automate more complex assays, thereby further advancing microPADs toward real-world applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wax-Printed Fluidic Time Delays for Automating Multi-Step Assays in Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices (MicroPADs)

et al. 2019

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“…The intermediate washing steps are also essential. Several studies have been conducted to implement ELISA in paper-based devices [36,55,58,[120][121][122], as shown in Table 7. Table 7.…”

Section: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

Kim¹,

Hahn

Kim

2020

Micromachines

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Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have been suggested as alternatives for developing countries with suboptimal medical conditions because of their low diagnostic cost, high portability, and disposable characteristics. Recently, paper-based diagnostic devices enabling multi-step assays have been drawing attention, as they allow complicated tests, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which were previously only conducted in the laboratory, to be performed on-site. In addition, user convenience and price of paper-based diagnostic devices are other competitive points over other point-of-care testing (POCT) devices, which are more critical in developing countries. Fluid manipulation technologies in paper play a key role in realizing multi-step assays via μPADs, and the expansion of biochemical applications will provide developing countries with more medical benefits. Therefore, we herein aimed to investigate recent fluid manipulation technologies utilized in paper-based devices and to introduce various approaches adopting several principles to control fluids on papers. Fluid manipulation technologies are classified into passive and active methods. While passive valves are structurally simple and easy to fabricate, they are difficult to control in terms of flow at a specific spatiotemporal condition. On the contrary, active valves are more complicated and mostly require external systems, but they provide much freedom of fluid manipulation and programmable operation. Both technologies have been revolutionized in the way to compensate for their limitations, and their advances will lead to improved performance of μPADs, increasing the level of healthcare around the world.

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“…3) Compared to the traditional ELISA method, this paper-based ELISA method is simpler to use and less expensive, but its sensitivity is not high enough. [4][5][6] To overcome the above shortcomings, researchers have also introduced graphene oxide sheets [7][8][9] and gold nanoparticles 10,11) into the traditional ELISA method to amplify the detection signal. [12][13][14] To some extent, these improvements have solved the problems of low detection signals, high costs and complex processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sensitive and Simple Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Polymer as Carrier

Liu

Zhang²,

Wang

2020

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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In this study, a new and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed by introducing a polymer as a reaction carrier. The results suggest that the newly developed ELISA method is more convenient than the existing paper-based ELISA method and applicable to a wider range of environments. In addition, the sensitivity of the new method is much higher than that of the existing paper-based ELISA method and even higher than that of the traditional ELISA method.

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Development of an automated wax-printed paper-based lateral flow device for alpha-fetoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Cited by 158 publications

References 42 publications

Wax-Printed Fluidic Time Delays for Automating Multi-Step Assays in Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices (MicroPADs)

Wax-Printed Fluidic Time Delays for Automating Multi-Step Assays in Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices (MicroPADs)

Recent Advances of Fluid Manipulation Technologies in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs) toward Multi-Step Assays

A Sensitive and Simple Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Polymer as Carrier

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