Development of an automated on-line solid-phase extraction–high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of aniline, phenol, caffeine and various selected substituted aniline and phenol compounds in aqueous matrices

Simple and Fast Methods Based on Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled to Liquid Chromatography with UV Detection for the Monitoring of Caffeine in Natural, and Wastewater as Marker of Anthropogenic Impact

“…To reduce LODs, different "on-line" SPE/HPLC-UV methodologies for caffeine determination have been proposed with detection limits of 0.1 [18] and 0.05 [17] µg L −1 ), using sample volumes of 100 mL. We evaluated different mini-column designs for "on-line" SPE-HPLC-UV in order to obtain improved efficiency, sensitivity and speed in the determination of caffeine in surface waters.…”

“…SPE is a standard methodology for the extraction of caffeine for water samples [2,9,17,18]. Here, two different approaches were evaluated and compared for the clean-up and preconcentration of caffeine from water samples: (i) commercial single use SPE cartridges with a C18 stationary phase and (ii) a mini-SPE column filled with the same sorbent.…”

Biomass Extraction Methods

“…2006;Luthria, 2006;Pérez-Serradilla, 2007). Meanwhile, microwave assisted extraction heats the extracts quickly and significantly accelerates the extraction process (Martínez, 1996;Kojima, 2004;Patsias, 2009). Simultaneous ultrasonic/microwave assisted extraction (UMAE) coupled the advantage of microwave and ultrasonic, presenting many advantages (Kojima, 2004).…”

Screening of pharmaceuticals and other pollutants of concern by a combination of chemical and biological methods

“…The result has been an increase in the measurements of both polar and nonpolar current-use chemicals of emerging interest in the aquatic environment (Koester, 2003). Many pharmaceuticals and personal care products have been extracted using this method instead of liquid-liquid extraction (Aguera et al 2003;Baynes et al, 2002;Cahill et al, 2004;Chen et al, 2002;Diaz et al 2004;Kolpin et al, 2002;Ferrer et al, 2001;Lindsey et al 2001;Patsias et al 2000;Weigel et al 2001 and2004) Analytes were extracted using a reverse phase cartridge, 225mg/6 m divinylbenzene/N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer (Oasis HLB Plus) from Waters (Millford, MA). Cartridges were preconditioned with 5 mL of MeOH and 5 mL of distilled water.…”

“…Since HPLC analysis does not require to derivatize the analyte, it is a good alternative to GC analysis (Patsias et al, 2000). For this reasons the project started using liquid-liquid extraction followed by analysis using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry until a method using gas chromatography mass spectrometry was developed, which in fact, did not need extra derivatization step.…”