“…Generally, k L a increases with increasing gas flow rate ( Q ) or stirring speed ( N ). However, the high gas flow rate may cause flooding, and the high shear created by a high stirring speed will damage the shear‐sensitive cells 2. Microbubbles are tiny bubbles with diameters of less than 50 μm, in contrast to conventional bubbles (0.2–5 mm) 2, 3.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the high gas flow rate may cause flooding, and the high shear created by a high stirring speed will damage the shear‐sensitive cells 2. Microbubbles are tiny bubbles with diameters of less than 50 μm, in contrast to conventional bubbles (0.2–5 mm) 2, 3. Microbubbles have a large interfacial area, high bubble population density, low rising velocity in liquid phase, and high inner pressure 4, 5.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Microbubbles have a large interfacial area, high bubble population density, low rising velocity in liquid phase, and high inner pressure 4, 5. Microbubbles may perform better in bioreactors 2, 3, 6 than conventional bubbles due to their advantageous potential in gas‐liquid mass transfer. So far, microbubble aeration has attracted great attention in bioreactor study.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Kaster et al 3 measured k L a for microbubble aeration in a standard 2‐L stirred‐tank fermenter, and the value of k L a was about four times higher than that of bubble aeration. Ago et al 2 applied the microbubble aeration technology to the cultivation for aerobic yeast, and revealed that Rhodoturula mucilaginosa YR‐2 can be well cultivated at a very low level of aeration, which was about 1/100–1/10 of the gas flow rate required with bubble aeration. Lin et al 7 used the microbubble aeration technology to improve the desulfurization rate and showed that the desulfurization rate with microbubble aeration was higher than that with bubble aeration.…”
More knowledge has to be acquired on the gas-liquid mass transfer characteristics with microbubble aeration before an efficient bioreactor is designed. Experiments about this subject have been conducted in a stirred reactor. Some valuable conclusions were obtained: the shaft power consumption is little affected by the superficial gas velocity (v s ) and the power consumption of the microbubble generator is rather high; the dispersion of microbubbles is more uniform compared to sparger aeration; surface aeration leads to a reduced microbubble number and the diameter of the microbubble increases with higher superficial gas velocity; when surface aeration happens, the k L a-v s curves turn quite abnormally different from that in the case of sparger aeration, and correlation-based calculations fit well with the measurements.
“…Generally, k L a increases with increasing gas flow rate ( Q ) or stirring speed ( N ). However, the high gas flow rate may cause flooding, and the high shear created by a high stirring speed will damage the shear‐sensitive cells 2. Microbubbles are tiny bubbles with diameters of less than 50 μm, in contrast to conventional bubbles (0.2–5 mm) 2, 3.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the high gas flow rate may cause flooding, and the high shear created by a high stirring speed will damage the shear‐sensitive cells 2. Microbubbles are tiny bubbles with diameters of less than 50 μm, in contrast to conventional bubbles (0.2–5 mm) 2, 3. Microbubbles have a large interfacial area, high bubble population density, low rising velocity in liquid phase, and high inner pressure 4, 5.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Microbubbles have a large interfacial area, high bubble population density, low rising velocity in liquid phase, and high inner pressure 4, 5. Microbubbles may perform better in bioreactors 2, 3, 6 than conventional bubbles due to their advantageous potential in gas‐liquid mass transfer. So far, microbubble aeration has attracted great attention in bioreactor study.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Kaster et al 3 measured k L a for microbubble aeration in a standard 2‐L stirred‐tank fermenter, and the value of k L a was about four times higher than that of bubble aeration. Ago et al 2 applied the microbubble aeration technology to the cultivation for aerobic yeast, and revealed that Rhodoturula mucilaginosa YR‐2 can be well cultivated at a very low level of aeration, which was about 1/100–1/10 of the gas flow rate required with bubble aeration. Lin et al 7 used the microbubble aeration technology to improve the desulfurization rate and showed that the desulfurization rate with microbubble aeration was higher than that with bubble aeration.…”
More knowledge has to be acquired on the gas-liquid mass transfer characteristics with microbubble aeration before an efficient bioreactor is designed. Experiments about this subject have been conducted in a stirred reactor. Some valuable conclusions were obtained: the shaft power consumption is little affected by the superficial gas velocity (v s ) and the power consumption of the microbubble generator is rather high; the dispersion of microbubbles is more uniform compared to sparger aeration; surface aeration leads to a reduced microbubble number and the diameter of the microbubble increases with higher superficial gas velocity; when surface aeration happens, the k L a-v s curves turn quite abnormally different from that in the case of sparger aeration, and correlation-based calculations fit well with the measurements.
“…Some examples include wine industry (Devatine et al, 2007), waste water treatment (Terasaka et al, 2011;Konsowa, 2003;Debellefontaine et al, 1999) and growth enhancement of aerobic organisms (Ago et al, 2005). Applicability of microbubbles in industrial processes results mainly from the following properties:…”
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