Development of a wet chemical method for the synthesis of arrayed ZnO nanorods

Hu, Shao-Hwa; Chen, Yi-Chuan; Hwang, Chyi‐Ching; Peng, Cheng‐Hsiung; Gong, Dah-Chuan

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.03.235

Cited by 47 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Compared with these vapor routes, more and more researchers have started to utilize soft solution methods to obtain the aligned ZnO nanorod arrays, due to their simplicity, large scale production, high product yield and low energy consumption. Among them, hydrothermal method [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] developed by Vayssieres is a well known method for the fabrication of aligned nanorods from zinc nitrate-hexamethylenetetramine aqueous solution. In addition, Lakshmi et al [27] reported the growth of 1D nanostructure materials from sol-gel template technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sn doping on structural, optical, electrical and wettability properties of oriented ZnO nanorod arrays

Kumar

Nagaraja

2013

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Herein we present a modified sol gel route for the one step fabrication of oriented ZnO nanorod arrays. The method is seed layer free, and nanorods directly attach to a substrate. We also present the effect of tin (Sn) content on the crystallinity, microstructural, optical and electrical properties of the ZnO nanorod arrays. Thermo gravimetric (TG) curves of gel precursors showed that most of the organic groups and other volatiles were removed at about 450°C. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed that the films were polycrystalline in nature with (002) preferred orientation. The texture coefficient, grain size, dislocation density and lattice parameters of the ZnO arrays were determined. The SEM micrographs revealed that the undoped and 1 at.%Sn doped films were composed of nanorods and the concentration of 2 at.%Sn doping hindered the rod like structure growth and modulated into granular nature. UVvisible transmission spectroscopy indicated that the transparency of the films increased with Sn content. On Sn doping, the films also exhibited a red shift and slight shrinkage of band gap. The electrical studies revealed that 1 at.% of Sn doping enhanced electrical conduction in ZnO films and beyond that the distortion caused in the lattice reduced the conductivity. The contact angle of the ZnO nanostructures varied between 91°and 115°depending upon the Sn content. Therefore, 1 at.%Sn doping into ZnO nanorods improves the crystallinity, electrical conductivity and water contact angle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sn doping on structural, optical, electrical and wettability properties of oriented ZnO nanorod arrays

Kumar

Nagaraja

2013

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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“…On the other hand, the wet chemical route is a promising option for large-scale 1D ZnO array fabrication on arbitrary substrates at low cost and under remarkably low temperature conditions (Hu et al, 2010;Wu et al, 2011). Lang et al (2008) successfully synthesized and characterized ZnO nanorods even at below room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Post‐Hydrothermal Treatments on the Physical Properties of ZnO Layer Derived from Chemical Bath Deposition

Sholehah¹,

Yuwono²,

Sofyan³

et al. 2017

IJTech

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Among semiconductors, zinc oxide (ZnO) has received great attention due to its wide band-gap and high electron mobility, resulting in various strategic applications. Controlling the physical properties of ZnO is therefore a critical issue in the fabrication of related electronic and optical devices. In this study, ZnO nanorods layers were grown on an ITO glass substrate via chemical bath deposition at low temperature. Prior to the growing process, the layers were deposited using a spin-coating technique. The seeding solution was made by dissolving zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and hexamethylene tetraamine in cold water (0 o C) for an hour using a cooler bath. The as-synthesized ZnOs were further subjected to different post-hydrothermal treatment series at a temperature of 150 o C for three hours at atmospheric pressure and at 100°C for one hour under one bar of nitrogen gas (N 2 ) pressure. The characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The SEM results showed that the ZnO nanorods were grown as a vertically aligned hexagonal structure, while the XRD patterns showed a high intensity at the (002) plane. On the basis of investigation, it was found that under post-hydrothermal treatment at 150 o C for three hours with atmospheric pressure, the synthesis procedure resulted in nanostructures in the form of ZnO rods. Meanwhile, post-hydrothermal treatment at 100°C for one hour under one bar of nitrogen gas (N 2 ) produced ZnO rods and tubes. In general, the posthydrothermal process provided a high degree of crystallinity. The optimum ZnO layer was obtained after post-hydrothermal treatment at 150 o C for three hours at atmospheric pressure, with a crystallite size and band-gap energy of ~18 nm and 3.20 eV, respectively.

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“…, it is possible to control the morphology, particle size and chemical composition of the ZnO nano powder by controlling the level of doping during synthesis. Several new routes have been developed for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles such as sonochemical method [19], oxidation process [20], sol-gel synthesis [21] organochemical route [22], colloid chemistry [23], precipitation [24], hydrothermal micro emulsion [25], hydrothermal method [26], solution combustion method [27], solid state reaction [28], thermal evaporation [29] and wet chemical method [30] etc. In this study, the wet chemical method is employed for the synthesis of undoped and Al doped ZnO (AZO) nanoparticles, because it provide a simple and economic route as well as requiring low temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of heavily doped nanocrystalline ZnO:Al powders using a simple soft chemical method

Saravanakumar¹,

Ravichandran²

2012

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Aluminum doped nanocrystalline zinc oxide powders were synthesized using a simple soft chemical method from precursor solutions having different Al doping levels (0-20 at.% in steps of 5 at.%). X-ray diffraction studies showed that the product has pure hexagonal wurtzite structure without any secondary phases such as Al 2 O 3 and ZnAl 2 O 4 etc. The preferential orientation plane was found to be (101) for all the samples irrespective of the Al doping level. But the degree of crystallinity of the powder gradually decreased as the doping level increased. The SEM images revealed that the crystals have hexagonal prism like structure when the Al doping level was 5 at.% and the shape changes gradually and attains a thread like structure for heavy doping. The EDAX and FTIR studies confirmed the proper incorporation of Al 3? ions in the Zn 2? sites of the ZnO lattice even in the heavily doped powders. The optical band gap increased remarkably (from 3.12 to 3.48 eV) with the increase in the Al doping level.

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Development of a wet chemical method for the synthesis of arrayed ZnO nanorods

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Sn doping on structural, optical, electrical and wettability properties of oriented ZnO nanorod arrays

Effect of Sn doping on structural, optical, electrical and wettability properties of oriented ZnO nanorod arrays

Effect of Post‐Hydrothermal Treatments on the Physical Properties of ZnO Layer Derived from Chemical Bath Deposition

Synthesis of heavily doped nanocrystalline ZnO:Al powders using a simple soft chemical method

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