2019
DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00142
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Development of a Water-Soluble Indolylmaleimide Derivative IM-93 Showing Dual Inhibition of Ferroptosis and NETosis

Abstract: The indolylmaleimide (IM) derivative IM-17 shows inhibitory activity against oxidative-stress-induced necrotic cell death and cardioprotective activity in rat ischemia-reperfusion injury models. In order to develop a more potent derivative, we conducted a detailed structure–activity relationship study of IM derivatives and identified IM-93 as the most potent derivative with good water solubility. IM-93 inhibited ferroptosis and NETosis, but not necroptosis or pyroptosis. In contrast, ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a f… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…Given the potential for interaction between different forms of cell death (Fig. 5 ), pan-cell death inhibitors that act on two or three pathways may increase the likelihood of success 71 , 95 , 166 , 227 , 228 . However, safety concerns may be exacerbated by such an approach.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Given the potential for interaction between different forms of cell death (Fig. 5 ), pan-cell death inhibitors that act on two or three pathways may increase the likelihood of success 71 , 95 , 166 , 227 , 228 . However, safety concerns may be exacerbated by such an approach.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The combined organic phases were dried on sodium sulphate, concentrated under reduced pressure, and purified by chromatography (silica gel, EtOAc:hexane 4 : 1) to yield 3-bromo-1-methyl-4-(3indolyl)maleimide as an orange coloured solid in 78 % yield. [7,8] Procedure for synthesis of 3-bromo-4-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1methyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (1). To a solution of 3-bromo-1-methyl-4-(3-indolyl)maleimide (4.63 mmol) in acetone (20 mL), K 2 CO 3 (1.5 equiv.)…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Then the crude mixture was purified using column chromatography (silica gel, EtOAc:hexane 1.5 : 8.5) to obtain the methylated compound 1 with 72 % yield. [8] General procedure for the synthesis of 1 a-1 j'. A pressure tube was charged with 1 (0.3 mmol, 100 mg), substituted/unsubstituted anilines and 2-aminopyridines (0.45 mmol, 1.5 equiv.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides to lethal cellular levels [69]. GPX4 converts potentially toxic lipid hydroperoxides (L-OOH) to non-toxic lipid alcohols (L-OH).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%