Development of a vaccine to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture: Vaccination of sheep with methanogen fractions induces antibodies that block methane production<i>in vitro</i>

Wedlock, D. Neil; Pedersen, Gabriel Kristian; Michel, Denis; Dey, Debjit; Janssen, Peter H.; Buddle, Bryce M.

doi:10.1080/00480169.2010.65058

Cited by 52 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Antisera were generated in sheep against these fractions and the ability of these antisera to inhibit methanogen growth and production of methane by in vitro pure cultures of M. ruminantium M1 was determined. Antisera against two of these M. ruminantium M1 fractions, a cytoplasmic fraction and a fraction prepared by extracting cell wall-derived proteins, reduced microbial growth and methane production (Wedlock et al, 2010). The results suggested that these fractions contained proteins that were immunogenic and had essential cellular functions that could be disrupted via interaction with antibodies.…”

Section: Methanogen Fractionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Vaccines Targeting S Bovis and Lactobacillusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High levels of avian (IgY) anti-methanogen antibodies were produced against cell preparations of methanogens, and addition of these antibodies to ruminal fluid in vitro resulted in a transient reduction of methane production from the cultures (Cook et al, 2008). Similarly, antisera from sheep vaccinated with sub-cellular fractions of M. ruminantium M1 inhibited methane formation by pure cultures of that species (Wedlock et al, 2010).Vaccine trials using methanogen vaccines prepared from whole methanogen cells have been conducted. In an Australian study, vaccination of sheep with a vaccine comprising wholecell preparations from three methanogen strains (1Y, AK-87 and ZA-10) belonging to the genus Methanobrevibacter resulted in a modest 7.7% reduction of methane emissions (g CH 4 /kg dry Wedlock, Janssen, Leahy, Shu and Buddle 246 matter intake; Wright et al, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For some proteins, potential immunogenic epitopes within the predicted extracellular domains are identified for synthesis of short peptides. Sheep are vaccinated with candidate proteins or peptides, and the ability of antisera to inhibit methanogen growth and production of methane in vitro pure cultures of methanogens is determined (Wedlock et al, 2010). To date, 30 potential vaccine candidates have been tested and this systematic approach to selecting and testing potential vaccine antigens has led to the identification of promising specific vaccine targets (GT2 and SecE, described further below).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Progress in the development of vaccines against rumen methanogens

Wedlock

Janssen

Leahy

et al. 2013

Animal

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Vaccination against rumen methanogens offers a practical approach to reduce methane emissions in livestock, particularly ruminants grazing on pasture. Although successful vaccination strategies have been reported for reducing the activity of the rumen-dwelling organism Streptococcus bovis in sheep and S. bovis and Lactobacillus spp. in cattle, earlier approaches using vaccines based on whole methanogen cells to reduce methane production in sheep have produced less promising results. An anti-methanogen vaccine will need to have broad specificity against methanogens commonly found in the rumen and induce antibody in saliva resulting in delivery of sufficiently high levels of antibodies to the rumen to reduce methanogen activity. Our approach has focussed on identifying surface and membrane-associated proteins that are conserved across a range of rumen methanogens. The identification of potential vaccine antigens has been assisted by recent advances in the knowledge of rumen methanogen genomes. Methanogen surface proteins have been shown to be immunogenic in ruminants and vaccination of sheep with these proteins induced specific antibody responses in saliva and rumen contents. Current studies are directed towards identifying key candidate antigens and investigating the level and types of salivary antibodies produced in sheep and cattle vaccinated with methanogen proteins, stability of antibodies in the rumen and their impact on rumen microbial populations. In addition, there is a need to identify adjuvants that stimulate high levels of salivary antibody and are suitable for formulating with protein antigens to produce a low-cost and effective vaccine.Keywords: vaccine, antigen, antibody, methane, methanogens, Methanobrevibacter ruminantium Implications A number of different mitigation strategies are being investigated for reducing methane emissions from livestock, including the development of vaccines that specifically target the methane-producing methanogens in the rumen. Previous studies on vaccinating ruminants against the rumen-dwelling organisms Streptococcus bovis and Lactobacillus spp. have demonstrated the feasibility of vaccinating animals to produce salivary antibodies that neutralise the activity of these microbes in the rumen (Shu et al., 1999(Shu et al., , 2000a(Shu et al., , 2000b(Shu et al., and 2001Gill et al., 2000). Owing to the complexity of the rumen microbiota and diversity of methanogens in the rumen, an effective vaccine for reducing methane emissions from ruminants will need to target a wide range of methanogens in the rumen among an even more diverse assemblage of bacteria, fungi and protozoa. This paper reviews the progress towards developing an anti-methanogen vaccine. IntroductionA range of different strategies are being investigated to reduce methane emissions from farmed ruminants (reviewed by Martin et al., 2010;Buddle et al., 2011;Clark, 2013). Vaccination of ruminants against rumen methanogens has the potential to reduce methane emissions by decreasing the number or activity of meth...

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Section: Methanogen Fractionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Vaccines Targeting S Bovis and Lactobacillusmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in the development of vaccines against rumen methanogens

Wedlock

Janssen

Leahy

et al. 2013

Animal

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“…Vaccines against archaea have been successful in vitro (Wedlock et al, 2010) and are a very promising option that could be applied to all ruminants, even in grazing situations with little human contact. As there are currently no vaccines that are ready for practical application (Clark et al, 2004;Wright et al, 2004) and they are also discussed in another review at this meeting (Wedlock et al, 2013), they are excluded from this review.…”

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confidence: 99%

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Gerber

Hristov

Henderson

et al. 2013

Animal

311

218

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Although livestock production accounts for a sizeable share of global greenhouse gas emissions, numerous technical options have been identified to mitigate these emissions. In this review, a subset of these options, which have proven to be effective, are discussed. These include measures to reduce CH 4 emissions from enteric fermentation by ruminants, the largest single emission source from the global livestock sector, and for reducing CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from manure. A unique feature of this review is the high level of attention given to interactions between mitigation options and productivity. Among the feed supplement options for lowering enteric emissions, dietary lipids, nitrates and ionophores are identified as the most effective. Forage quality, feed processing and precision feeding have the best prospects among the various available feed and feed management measures. With regard to manure, dietary measures that reduce the amount of N excreted (e.g. better matching of dietary protein to animal needs), shift N excretion from urine to faeces (e.g. tannin inclusion at low levels) and reduce the amount of fermentable organic matter excreted are recommended. Among the many 'end-of-pipe' measures available for manure management, approaches that capture and/or process CH 4 emissions during storage (e.g. anaerobic digestion, biofiltration, composting), as well as subsurface injection of manure, are among the most encouraging options flagged in this section of the review. The importance of a multiple gas perspective is critical when assessing mitigation potentials, because most of the options reviewed show strong interactions among sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The paper reviews current knowledge on potential pollution swapping, whereby the reduction of one GHG or emission source leads to unintended increases in another.

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Methane Emission and Strategies for Mitigation in Livestock

Nibedita

Pattnaik

et al. 2021

Environmental and Agricultural Microbiology

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Development of a vaccine to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture: Vaccination of sheep with methanogen fractions induces antibodies that block methane productionin vitro

Cited by 52 publications

References 25 publications

Progress in the development of vaccines against rumen methanogens

Progress in the development of vaccines against rumen methanogens

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Methane Emission and Strategies for Mitigation in Livestock

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