Development of a test method for adult ice hockey helmet evaluation

Post, Andrew; Dawson, Lauren; Hoshizaki, T. Blaine; Gilchrist, Michael D.; Cusimano, Michael D.

doi:10.1080/10255842.2020.1758680

Cited by 12 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Most helmets certification tests within standards include a drop test onto a fixed anvil [126-130, 132, 194-216], with some exceptions [126][127][128][129][130]200]. None of these tests cover the full range of impact types a helmet may experience during use [95,143,190,217,218]. Certification tests within helmet standards are typically designed to ensure a minimum level of protection from a severe head impact (e.g.…”

Section: Helmet Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical metamaterials for sports helmets: structural mechanics, design optimisation, and performance

Haid,

Foster,

Hart

et al. 2023

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Sports concussions are a public health concern. Improving helmet performance to reduce concussion risk is a key part of the research and development community response. Head impacts with compliant surfaces that cause long duration moderate or high linear and rotational accelerations are associated with a high rate of clinical diagnoses of concussion. As engineered structures with unusual combinations of properties, mechanical metamaterials are being applied to sports helmets, with the goal of improving impact performance and reducing brain injury risk. Replacing established helmet material (i.e., foam) selection with a metamaterials design approach (structuring material to obtain desired properties) allows development of near optimal properties. Objective functions based on up to date understanding of concussion could be applied to topology optimisation regimes, when designing mechanical metamaterials for helmets. Such regimes balance computational efficiency with predictive accuracy, both of which could be improved under high strains and strain rates to allow helmet modifications as knowledge of concussion develops. Researchers could also share mechanical metamaterial data, topologies and computational models in open, homogenised repositories, to improve the efficiency of their development.

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Section: Helmet Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attempts have also been made to develop more biofidelic headforms [192,193]. Neckforms [145,153,167,170,179,222,223,239,[246][247][248][249], including biofidelic ones [95,143,146,156,218,238,[250][251][252][253][254], are sometimes attached to headforms to achieve more realistic post-impact behaviour.…”

Section: Helmet Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical metamaterials for sports helmets: structural mechanics, design optimisation, and performance

Haid,

Foster,

Hart

et al. 2023

Smart Mater. Struct.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the effectiveness of sport helmets to manage head trauma typically involves measuring linear acceleration using a vertical drop test to a flat anvil 18 . Post et al 19 and Rowson et al 20 reported a weak relationship between peak rotational and linear accelerations for head impacts. While several test methods have been employed, to date no cycling helmet test standard includes a rotational performance criterion 10 , 12 , 14 , 21 – 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of two rotational helmet technologies to decrease peak rotational acceleration in cycling helmets

Hoshizaki

Post

Zerpa

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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The risk of brain trauma has been associated with the rotational kinematics leading to the development of helmets with a variety rotational management technologies. The purpose of this paper was to employ a rotation specific test protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of two of these technologies. Dynamic response of the head was measured to assess the performance of each technology. Three cycling helmets with identical construction were included in this study. One helmet with no rotational technology, an established, commercial technology and a novel helmet rotational technology designed and assembled by the authors were tested. A drop test onto a 45° anvil was used to measure the ability of each helmet to manage the dynamic response of the head form during a series of impacts. The results revealed both rotational helmet technologies resulted in lower peak rotational acceleration and brain strain, however each technology demonstrated unique performance characteristics depending on the impact condition.

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“…Andrew et al [19] concluded that prioritizing rotational velocity and acceleration as performance metrics in concussion impact protocols effectively mimics concussive impacts in ice hockey. Hoshizaki et al [20] highlighted the need for improved helmet standards and innovations to effectively address concussive injuries in sports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative analysis of 3D woven honeycomb-based aircrew helmet liners against Nomex and Aluminum alternatives

Singh,

Behera,

Thakur

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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This study investigates the energy dissipation efficiency of an aircrew helmet liner developed using 3D woven honeycomb structural composites compared to different commercially available honeycomb liner materials such as Nomex, and Aluminium. In contrast to liners with discrete density differences, the use of a honeycomb-based liner reduces the concern about delamination, back face deformation and fracture propagation. The research involves comparing several parameters related to crashworthiness, such as specific energy absorption (SEA), crush force efficiency (CFE), and margin of safety, which are crucial for head protection and ensuring helmet injury tolerance. These parameters play a vital role in assessing the ability of different configurations of the honeycomb liner during impacts. Flatwise compression and dynamic impact tests were conducted to evaluate the helmet liner's performance while maintaining consistency in the helmet shell component. Finite element analysis (FEA) and 3D X-ray Tomography techniques were utilized to analyse the back face deformation (BFD) at high-velocity impact and the internal damage resulting from impacts on the helmet liners, respectively. The results revealed that the 3D woven honeycomb liner configuration performs optimally in terms of energy absorption by demonstrating sufficient and balanced competency across these three critical factors. Additionally, the simulation result revealed that the 3D woven honeycomb liner exhibits wave propagation. This phenomenon enhances its energy absorption capacity and reduces back-face deformation attributed to its crushing behaviour. This research offers valuable insights for improving the performance of aircrew helmet liners, with a particular focus on utilizing 3D woven honeycomb liners featuring 3D woven solid structure to maintain exceptional structural integrity.

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Development of a test method for adult ice hockey helmet evaluation

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Mechanical metamaterials for sports helmets: structural mechanics, design optimisation, and performance

Mechanical metamaterials for sports helmets: structural mechanics, design optimisation, and performance

Evaluation of two rotational helmet technologies to decrease peak rotational acceleration in cycling helmets

A comparative analysis of 3D woven honeycomb-based aircrew helmet liners against Nomex and Aluminum alternatives

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