Development of a tank-submerged type membrane filtration system

Filtration of biomass with laboratory‐scale submerged hollow fibre modules – effect of operating conditions and module configuration

“…Since inter‐fibre fouling cannot be controlled by backwashing or even by chemical cleaning, bundle clogging may cause serious problems for larger bundles and longer term operation. The reduction in inter‐fibre clogging will also benefit membrane cleaning 12. It should be noted that the benefit of loose fibres has been recognised by the commercial providers of submerged and aerated hollow fibres (for example, Ebara Corp19).…”

“…Filtration experiments at constant TMP indicated that inter‐fibre fouling resulted in a significant decrease in steady state flux for filtration of activated sludge. Suda et al 12 suggested the use of a sheet‐type hollow fibre design instead of the traditional cylindrical bundle for the submerged hollow fibre system. Their experiments showed that this improvement in design of the module configuration effectively diminished the inter‐fibre fouling and led to a dramatic improvement in the performance of the system.…”

Enhancement of membrane permeability by gas-sparging in submerged hollow fibre ultrafiltration of macromolecular solutions: Role of module design

“…Gas-sparging was shown to facilitate continuous solid-liquid separation using a system based on simple equipment, such as a low-rate suction pump, an air blower and an open feed vessel. There have since been several reports on the use of gas-sparged submerged hollow fibre systems, some in the context of aerated membrane bioreactors [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Most of these have dealt with gas-sparged microfiltration processes.…”

Application of immersed MF (IMF) followed by reverse osmosis (RO) membrane for wastewater reclamation: A case study in Malaysia

“…This type of MF promises better fouling control and can hybrid with other treatment processes. MF processes are the best choice for RO systems because of the (a) consistency of treated water quality with variable feed water quality; (b) non-sensitivity on chemical reactions and doi: 10.2166/wst.2007.700 adjustments to achieved good results; (c) stable membrane operations; (d) higher fluxes as compared to conventional pretreatments; (e) RO chemical cleaning intervals was extended subsequently extending membrane lifespan; (f) less land area needed for the plant; (g) lower energy consumption; and (h) lower operating and maintenance costs (Chakravorty and Layson, 1997;Suda et al, 1998).…”