Development of a stainless steel check valve for cryogenic applications

Veenstra, T.T.; Venhorst, G.C.F.; Burger, Johannes Faas; Holland, H.J.; Brake, ter Hjm Marcel; Sirbi, A.; Rogalla, Horst

doi:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2006.10.004

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Since the activated carbon in the sorption cells can adsorb helium sufficiently at cryogenic temperature below 70 K, the check valves should be operated at low temperature to prevent additional heat ingress. Subsequently, in the previous researches of University of Twente and our research team, a stainless-steel check valve targeting the temperature of 50 K and 20 K have been developed as the proto-type, respectively [7,8]. However, there are no miniaturized check valves available for reference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of switchless thin-plate sorption compressor and miniaturized check valves for 5 K J- T cooler

Bae,

Kim,

Jeong

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The cell of the sorption compressor developed in this paper has a thin-plate shape to accelerate the pressure swing by reducing the heating and cooling periods. Its width, height and thickness are 100 mm, 100 mm and 4.6 mm, respectively. Two identical cells filled with 22.8 g of charcoal mass are operated alternately to generate and maintain significant pressure difference for the 5 K J-T cooler with the pre-cooling temperature of 15 K. The designed nominal pressure of the high-pressure and the low-pressure parts of the J-T cooler are 1000 kPa and 196 kPa, respectively. The mass flow rate and the pressure gradient of the thin-plate sorption compressor with commercial check valves are measured experimentally. As the performance of the compressor, COP of the compressor is estimated and compared with the compressor of previous researches. Furthermore, to reduce leakage rate and thermal inertia of check valves in the compressor, miniaturized check valve is specially designed and fabricated to replace the commercial valve. When the flow direction is reversed in the valve, the leakage is passively prevented by contacting two metal surfaces at low temperature (30 K). The essential parts of the valve are critically miniaturized to reduce the overall thermal inertia of the compressor system. The cracking pressure and the leakage rate of the developed check valve and the commercial check valve are measured to compare.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of switchless thin-plate sorption compressor and miniaturized check valves for 5 K J- T cooler

Bae,

Kim,

Jeong

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…[26] There have been studies conducted in the past on the design of essential valves for cryogenic use in general and for liqui ed natural gas (LNG) in particular, but none of them have addressed valves for liquid hydrogen. [27,28,29,30,31] The rst study referred to, examines the thermal conductivity of a smallsized globe valve operating in LNG at a temperature of -169°C. [27] Globe valves are widely used in ow regulation in the oil and gas industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[30] Another study focused on the design and development of austenitic stainless-steel check valves for cryogenic applications. [31] In piping systems, check valves serve as non-return valves in order to prevent back ow. [33,34] Different challenges are associated with design of check valves in cryogenic services, such as different thermal expansion rates between the valve parts that may lead to leakage from the valve, providing a satisfactory seal between the disk and seat that is exposed to metal-to-metal contact, and nally, functional requirements that may be subject to high number of cycles (opening and closing).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valve design considerations in liquid hydrogen systems to prevent failure

Sotoodeh

Gudmestad

2022

Int J Interact Des Manuf

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Hydrogen has potential as an alternative source of energy (energy carrier) because it can be converted, stored, and used e ciently, with a wide range of applications. It can be created from renewable energy sources and can thus serve as storage of renewable energy like wind-and sun-power. It has been several decades since liquid hydrogen has been used as a fuel in space technology, however, the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986, was caused by seals leaking due to low outside temperature; the night of January 28 th 1986 was freezing cold. This underlines the importance of cautious use of hydrogen.It shall be noted that Hydrogen lique es at -252.9°C (-423°F), so cryogenic systems and sophisticated insulation techniques are necessary. Furthermore, steel is susceptible to hydrogen induced cracking.Control of the ow has always been carried out by valve assemblies in processing plants. The proper design of industrial valves in every industry, including hydrogen systems, can signi cantly improve the safety and reliability of the valves speci cally, as well as the plant as a whole. An overview of various previous studies is presented in this paper, discussing important design concepts for cryogenic valves. The main research question is to determine what are the main design considerations for valves used in liquid hydrogen, so as to minimize the risk of leakage from the valves to ensure required safety. In this study, different aspects of valve design for liquid hydrogen are examined, such as selection of steel materials, steel wall thickness calculations, stem design, sealing material selection, re-safe design, cavity over-pressure protection, and body and bonnet extension. The effects of the outside temperature will also be discussed.

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“…In the helium-stage cooler valves were used that basically consist of a flat boss that fits tightly onto a flat seat [4]. This type of valves functioned well in the helium stage [1], but because of the high flatness required as well as low roughness, we have investigated alternative approaches for the hydrogen-stage cooler.…”

Section: Valvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a 15 K Hydrogen-Based Sorption Cooler

Burger¹,

Holland²,

Meijer³

et al. 2010

AIP Conference Proceedings

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At the University of Twente, a 15 K hydrogen-based sorption cooler is under development, which has no moving parts and, therefore, is essentially vibration-free. Moreover, it has the potential of a very long life. Although the cooler may operate standalone, it is designed to precool a helium-based sorption cooler that establishes 5 mW at 4.5 K, requiring a cooling power of 25 mW at the hydrogen stage. Both coolers use microporous activated carbon as the adsorption material. The combination of these two cooler stages needs a total of 5.4 W of input power and is heat sunk at two passive radiators at temperatures of about 50 K and 90 K (1.9 W and 3.5 W, respectively). We developed and built a demonstrator of the helium cooler under a previous ESA-TRP contract, and in 2008 we started a new ESA-sponsored project aiming at the development of the hydrogen stage. In the paper, the preliminary design of this hydrogen-cooler is presented, along with introductory experiments on its Joule-Thomson cold stage.

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Development of a stainless steel check valve for cryogenic applications

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Development of switchless thin-plate sorption compressor and miniaturized check valves for 5 K J- T cooler

Development of switchless thin-plate sorption compressor and miniaturized check valves for 5 K J- T cooler

Valve design considerations in liquid hydrogen systems to prevent failure

Development of a 15 K Hydrogen-Based Sorption Cooler

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