Development of a spatial decision support system for post-emergency management of radioactively contaminated land

Evaluating alternative “countermeasures” against food contamination resulting from nuclear accidents

“…For environmental impacts, a review of the literature and expert judgement were used to draw up the following list of criteria, which are assumed to cover the most important environmental impacts of the selected countermeasures: In addition, impacts on the quality and quantity of agricultural products as well as animal welfare were identified as important. All criteria are further explained in Salt and Rafferty (2001). The ultimate goal would be to physically quantify and then value all changes in these criteria for each combination of farm type and countermeasure.…”

“…For illustrative purposes, we use Deposition Scenarios 2 and 3 from Table 1: results are shown in Tables 6a, 6b and 6c. A farm-level Decision Support System (CeserDSS) was developed and used to identify a set of feasible countermeasures which are radiologically effective given a specific deposition scenario, soil type, farm type and location (Salt and Rafferty, 2001). Since all countermeasures so considered were similarly effective radiologically, the benefits of undertaking coiintermeasures could be taken to be invariant with choice.…”

“…Practical applications, as well as field and laboratory experiments in the aftermath of the Chernobyl accident, have greatly increased our knowledge of the radiological effectiveness of a wide range of countermeasures (Roed et al, 1995). At the same time there is an increasing awareness of the potential negative effects of long-term application of countermeasures on environmental resources and agricultural productivity (Salt and Rafferty, 2001).…”

“…From 1997 to 1999, the European Commission funded a project to investigate the environmental and socio-economic impacts of countermeasures (CESER -Countermeasures -Environmental and Socic-Economic Responses). One of the key outcomes was the development and application of methods to quantify these impacts and incorporate them into a decision support system designed to aid decision makers in selecting "optimal" countermeasures (Salt and Culligan-Dunsmore, 2000;Salt and Rafferty, 2001). The main aims of this paper are to set out the environmental implications of a range of effective countermeasures applicable to the UK context; and to show how private and environmental cost estimates can be combined to produce a ranking of these alternatives.…”

Multiattribute Decision Analysis Methods

“…In particular, this type of GIS-MCDA has made significant contribution to the development of GIS-based land-use suitability analysis (Eastman et al 1995;Malczewski 2004;Santé-Riveira et al 2008). For example, the ideal point approaches have been used for land-use suitability analysis in a wide variety of application domains including: environmental assessment and management (Pereira and Duckstein 1993;Berger 2006;Koo and O'Connell 2006;Liu et al 2006;Strager and Rosenberger 2007), radioactive waste management (Carver 1991;Salt and Culligan Dunsmore 2000), water resources management (Tkach and Simonovic 1997), rural land use planning (Elaalem et al 2011), and housing evaluation and residential development (Natividade-Jesus et al 2007;Ligmann-Zielinska 2009). The methods have also been used for locating service facilities such fire stations (Malczewski et al 1997), health practitioner clinics (Jankowski and Ewart 1996), and seawater therapy resorts (Crecente et al 2012).…”